****FOR MORE UP-TO-DATE INFO AND PAPERS, PLEASE SEE https://jpattison.weebly.com/

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I am a Professor of Politics at the University of Manchester.

I am currently working on two projects. The first (with Luke Glanville at ANU) considers the ethics of global prioritisation. Although states have global responsibilities across several issue areas, they also have significant budgetary and resource limitations in what they can do to tackle all the various ongoing and potential crises worldwide. Tackling one crisis, and fulfilling one set of responsibilities, typically raises opportunity costs for other crises and for fulfilling global responsibilities elsewhere. In the face of budgetary and resource limitations, states have to decide which global responsibilities they will focus on. If states cannot fulfill all their global responsibilities, such as to tackle mass atrocities, global poverty, disease, and climate change, which should they prioritise? Our book, Prioritizating Global Responsibilities (under contract, Oxford University Press), aims to answer this question.
 
The second considers how global responsibilities may shift in a post-liberal international order. It considers, for instance, changes to the responsibility to protect and the principles of just war theory, in light of a much more challenging international environment. From Jan 2023, I will have a Mid-Career Fellowship from the British Academy to work on this project.

More generally, my work focuses on ethical issues in international politics. I have particular research expertise on humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect (R2P), Just War Theory, private security, and the alternatives to war (e.g. sanctions).

I have written three books (all with Oxford University Press) and over 30 journal articles since 2007, including in British Journal of Political Science, Ethics & International Affairs, European Journal of International Relations, International Studies Quarterly, Journal of Political Philosophy, and Review of International Studies.

My most recent book examines the ethics of the alternatives to war  (The Alternatives to War: From Sanctions to Nonviolence, Oxford University Press,  2018). An interview with me about the book for the Carnegie Council is here.
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My second book considers the ethical challenges posed by the rise of private military and security companies (The Morality of Private War: The Challenges of Private Military and Security Companies, Oxford University Press, 2014).

My first book explores the ethics of humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect, focusing on the question of who should intervene (Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene?, Oxford University Press, 2010)

I also currently co-edit a book series on War, Conflict, and Ethics for Routledge. Please feel free to contact me with book ideas.

I joined Manchester in 2009 and was promoted to full professor in 2014. I have served as the Director of Research and the Politics REF coordinator for the 2021 REF, where we climbed to 8th (from 19th). I currently serve on the University Senate. I also serve on the Governing Council of the ISA and co-convene the International Political Theory section of the ECPR.

I am willing and keen to supervise PhD students in my areas of interest.

Publications

Luke Glanville and James Pattison, Prioritizing Global Responsibilities (monograph under contract, OUP).

Fredrik D. Hjorthen and James Pattison (2023). 'Proportionality in Cyberwar and Just War Theory', Ethics & Global Politics, 16/1: 1-24. doi.org/10.1080/16544951.2023.2179244

James Pattison (2022). "Ukraine, Intervention, and the Post-Liberal Order", Ethics & International Affairs, 36/3: 377-90.

James Pattison (2021). “The International Responsibility to Protect in a Post-Liberal Order”, International Studies Quarterly, 65/4: 891-904.

Luke Glanville and James Pattison (2021) “Where to Protect? Prioritization and the Responsibility to Protect”, Ethics & International Affairs, 35/2: 213-25.

James Pattison (2020) "Opportunity Costs Pacifism", Law and Philosophy, 39: 545-76. Open Access.

James Pattison (2020) "From Defence to Offence: The Ethics of Private Cybersecurity", European Journal of International Security, 5/2: 233-54. Also available from CUP here.

James Pattison (2019) “The Ethics of Foreign Policy: A Framework“, SAIS Review of International Affairs, 39/1: 21-35

James Pattison (2018) The Alternatives to War: From Sanctions to Nonviolence (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

James Pattison (2018) “Covert Positive Incentives as an Alternative to War”, Ethics & International Affairs, 32/3: 293–303.

Eugenio Cusumano and James Pattison (2018) "The Non-governmental Provision of Search and Rescue in the Mediterranean and the Abdication of State Responsibility", Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31/1: 53-75. [Gold open access]

James Pattison (2018) “The Case for the Nonideal Morality of War: Beyond Revisionism versus Traditionalism in Just War Theory”, Political Theory, 46/2: 242–68

James Pattison (2018) “The Responsibility to Protect and International Political Theory”, in Chris Brown and Robyn Eckersley (eds), Oxford Handbook of International Political Theory (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 330-42.

James Pattison (2018) “International Intervention”, in Eric Heinze and Brent Steele, Routledge Handbook of Ethics and International Relations (London: Routledge), pp. 301–7.

James Pattison (2017) “Perilous Noninterventions? The Counterfactual Assessment of Libya and the Need to be a Responsible Power”, Global Responsibility to Protect, 9/2: 219–28.  

James Pattison (2017) “Unarmed Bodyguards to the Rescue? The Ethics of Nonviolent Intervention”, in Michael Gross and Tamar Meisels (eds), Soft War: The Ethics of Unarmed Conflict (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 

James Pattison (2017) “Guns Vs Troops: The Ethics of Supplying Arms”, in Aidan Hehir and Robert Murray (eds), Protecting Human Rights in the 21st Century (London: Routledge).

James Pattison (2016) “The Ethics of ‘Responsibility While Protecting’: Brazil, the Responsibility to Protect, and the Restrictive Approach to Humanitarian Intervention”, in Kai Michael Kenkel and Philip Cunliffe (eds), Brazil as a Rising Power: Intervention Norms and the Contestation of Global Order (London: Routledge), pp. 104–26.

Aidan Hehir and James Pattison (2016) “The Responsibility to Protect after the Arab Spring”, Cooperation and Conflict, 52/2: 141–7. This paper is ‘Gold Open Access’.

James Pattison (2015) "The Ethics of Diplomatic Criticism: The Responsibility to Protect, Just War Theory, and Presumptive Last Resort”, European Journal of International Relations, 21/4: 935–57. This paper is ‘Gold Open Access’.

James Pattison (2015) “The Ethics of Arming Rebels”, Ethics & International Affairs, 29/4: 455–71. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP).

James Pattison (2015) “The Morality of Sanctions", Social Philosophy and Policy, 32/1: 192-215.

James Pattison (2015) “Jus Post Bellum and the Responsibility to Rebuild",  British Journal of Political Science, 45/3: 635–61. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP).

James Pattison (2015) “Mapping the Responsibilities to Protect: A Typology of International Duties”, Global Responsibility to Protect, 7/2: 190–210. Also available from Brill here (copyright Brill)

James Pattison (2014) The Morality of Private War: The Challenge of Private Military and Security Companies (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Reviewed in the Times Literary Supplement, Political Studies Review, African Security Review, St. Anthony's International Review, Parameters, Socialism and Democracy, and International Affairs.

James Pattison (ed.) (2014) Humanitarian Intervention: Sage Library of International Relations, Four Volumes (London: Sage).

James Pattison (2014) "Justa Piratica: The Ethics of Piracy", Review of International Studies, 40/4: 631-56. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP). 

James Pattison (2014) “The Case for Criteria: Moving R2P Forward after the Arab Spring”, e-International Relations. 

James Pattison (2014) “Bombing the Beneficiaries: The Distribution of the Costs of the Responsibility to Protect and Humanitarian Intervention”, in Don Scheid (ed), The Ethics of Armed Humanitarian Intervention (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 113–30.

James Pattison (2014) “Introduction”, in James Pattison (ed.) (2014) Humanitarian Intervention: Sage Library of International Relations, Four Volumes (London: Sage). [10,000 words]

James Pattison (2013) "Is there a Duty to Intervene? Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect", Philosophy Compass, 8/6: 570-9. 

James Pattison (2013) "When Is It Right to Fight? Just War Theory and the Individual-Centric Approach", Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 16/1: 35-54.

Deane-Peter Baker and James Pattison (2012) "The Principled Case for Employing Private Military and Security Companies in Interventions for Human Rights Purposes", Journal of Applied Philosophy, 29/1: 1–18.

James Pattison (2012) "The Legitimacy of the Military, Private Military and Security Companies, and Just War Theory", European Journal of Political Theory, 11/2: 131–54.

James Pattison (2012) "Assigning Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect" in Julia Hoffmann and André NollKaemper (eds) Responsibility to Protect: From Principle to Practice (Amsterdam University Press/Pallas Publications), pp. 173–84.

James Pattison (2011) "Introduction to Roundtable on Libya, RtoP, and Humanitarian Intervention", Ethics & International Affairs, 25/3: 251–4. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2011) "The Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in Libya", Ethics & International Affairs, 25/3: 271–7. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2011) "The Rights and Duties of Humanitarian Intervention: A Reply to Two Critics", Global Discourse, 2 (I).

James Pattison (2010) Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene? (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Awarded 'Notable Book Award' by the International Studies Association (International Ethics Section), 2011.
- Subject of Symposium in Global Discourse, with reviews by David Miller and Graham Long.
 -Subject of Review Essays by Jennifer Welsh,  Eric Heinze, Steven Lee,  Phil Orchard,  Peter Hilpold, and Marc G. Doucet 

James Pattison (2010) "Deeper Objections to the Privatisation of Military Force", Journal of Political Philosophy, 18/4: 425–47. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2010) "Outsourcing the Responsibility to Protect: Humanitarian Intervention and Private Military and Security Companies" International Theory, 2/1: 1–31. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2009) "Humanitarian Intervention, the Responsibility to Protect, and Jus in Bello", Global Responsibility to Protect, 1/3: 346–91.

James Pattison (2008) "Whose Responsibility to Protect? The Duties of Humanitarian Intervention", Journal of Military Ethics, 7/4: 262–83.

James Pattison (2008) "Legitimacy and Humanitarian Intervention: Who Should Intervene?", International Journal of Human Rights, 12/3: 395–413.

James Pattison (2008) "Just War Theory and the Privatization of Military Force", Ethics & International Affairs, 22/2: 143–62. This article is also available from the copyright holder  here.

James Pattison (2008) "Humanitarian Intervention and a Cosmopolitan UN Force", Journal of International Political Theory, 4/1: 126–45. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2007) "Representativeness and Humanitarian Intervention", Journal of Social Philosophy, 38/4: 569–87. This article is also available from the copyright holder  here.

James Pattison (2007) "Humanitarian Intervention and International Law: The Moral Significance of an Intervener's Legal Status", Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 10/3: 301–19.
 

(Most are free to read or download on jamespattison.org)

Fredrik D. Hjorthen and James Pattison (2023). 'Proportionality in Cyberwar and Just War Theory', Ethics & Global Politics, in press.

James Pattison (2022). "Ukraine, Intervention, and the Post-Liberal Order", Ethics & International Affairs, 36/3: 377-90.

James Pattison (2021). “The International Responsibility to Protect in a Post-Liberal Order”, International Studies Quarterly, 65/4: 891-904.

Luke Glanville and James Pattison (2021) “Where to Protect? Prioritization and the Responsibility to Protect”, Ethics & International Affairs, 35/2: 213-25.

James Pattison (2020) "Opportunity Costs Pacifism", Law and Philosophy, 39: 545-76. Open Access.

James Pattison (2020) "From Defence to Offence: The Ethics of Private Cybersecurity", European Journal of International Security, 5/2: 233-54. Also available from CUP here.

James Pattison (2019) “The Ethics of Foreign Policy: A Framework“, SAIS Review of International Affairs, 39/1: 21-35

James Pattison (2018) The Alternatives to War: From Sanctions to Nonviolence (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- A discount flyer is here.

James Pattison (2018) “Covert Positive Incentives as an Alternative to War”, Ethics & International Affairs, 32/3: 293–303.

Eugenio Cusumano and James Pattison (2018) "The Non-governmental Provision of Search and Rescue in the Mediterranean and the Abdication of State Responsibility", Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31/1: 53-75. [Gold open access]

James Pattison (2018) “The Case for the Nonideal Morality of War: Beyond Revisionism versus Traditionalism in Just War Theory”, Political Theory, 46/2: 242–68

James Pattison (2018) “The Responsibility to Protect and International Political Theory”, in Chris Brown and Robyn Eckersley (eds), Oxford Handbook of International Political Theory (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 330-42.

James Pattison (2018) “International Intervention”, in Eric Heinze and Brent Steele, Routledge Handbook of Ethics and International Relations (London: Routledge), pp. 301–7.

James Pattison (2017) “Perilous Noninterventions? The Counterfactual Assessment of Libya and the Need to be a Responsible Power”, Global Responsibility to Protect, 9/2: 219–28.  

James Pattison (2017) “Unarmed Bodyguards to the Rescue? The Ethics of Nonviolent Intervention”, in Michael Gross and Tamar Meisels (eds), Soft War: The Ethics of Unarmed Conflict (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 

James Pattison (2017) “Guns Vs Troops: The Ethics of Supplying Arms”, in Aidan Hehir and Robert Murray (eds), Protecting Human Rights in the 21st Century (London: Routledge).

James Pattison (2016) “The Ethics of ‘Responsibility While Protecting’: Brazil, the Responsibility to Protect, and the Restrictive Approach to Humanitarian Intervention”, in Kai Michael Kenkel and Philip Cunliffe (eds), Brazil as a Rising Power: Intervention Norms and the Contestation of Global Order (London: Routledge), pp. 104–26.

Aidan Hehir and James Pattison (2016) “The Responsibility to Protect after the Arab Spring”, Cooperation and Conflict, 52/2: 141–7. This paper is ‘Gold Open Access’.

James Pattison (2015) "The Ethics of Diplomatic Criticism: The Responsibility to Protect, Just War Theory, and Presumptive Last Resort”, European Journal of International Relations, 21/4: 935–57. This paper is ‘Gold Open Access’.

James Pattison (2015) “The Ethics of Arming Rebels”, Ethics & International Affairs, 29/4: 455–71. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP).

James Pattison (2015) “The Morality of Sanctions", Social Philosophy and Policy, 32/1: 192-215.

James Pattison (2015) “Jus Post Bellum and the Responsibility to Rebuild",  British Journal of Political Science, 45/3: 635–61. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP).

James Pattison (2015) “Mapping the Responsibilities to Protect: A Typology of International Duties”, Global Responsibility to Protect, 7/2: 190–210. Also available from Brill here (copyright Brill)

James Pattison (2014) The Morality of Private War: The Challenge of Private Military and Security Companies (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Reviewed in the Times Literary Supplement, Political Studies Review, African Security Review, St. Anthony's International Review, Parameters, Socialism and Democracy, and International Affairs.

James Pattison (ed.) (2014) Humanitarian Intervention: Sage Library of International Relations, Four Volumes (London: Sage).

James Pattison (2014) "Justa Piratica: The Ethics of Piracy", Review of International Studies, 40/4: 631-56. Also available from CUP here (copyright CUP). 

James Pattison (2014) “The Case for Criteria: Moving R2P Forward after the Arab Spring”, e-International Relations. 

James Pattison (2014) “Bombing the Beneficiaries: The Distribution of the Costs of the Responsibility to Protect and Humanitarian Intervention”, in Don Scheid (ed), The Ethics of Armed Humanitarian Intervention (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 113–30.

James Pattison (2014) “Introduction”, in James Pattison (ed.) (2014) Humanitarian Intervention: Sage Library of International Relations, Four Volumes (London: Sage). [10,000 words]

James Pattison (2013) "Is there a Duty to Intervene? Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect", Philosophy Compass, 8/6: 570-9. 

James Pattison (2013) "When Is It Right to Fight? Just War Theory and the Individual-Centric Approach", Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 16/1: 35-54.

Deane-Peter Baker and James Pattison (2012) "The Principled Case for Employing Private Military and Security Companies in Interventions for Human Rights Purposes", Journal of Applied Philosophy, 29/1: 1–18.

James Pattison (2012) "The Legitimacy of the Military, Private Military and Security Companies, and Just War Theory", European Journal of Political Theory, 11/2: 131–54.

James Pattison (2012) "Assigning Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect" in Julia Hoffmann and André NollKaemper (eds) Responsibility to Protect: From Principle to Practice (Amsterdam University Press/Pallas Publications), pp. 173–84.

James Pattison (2011) "Introduction to Roundtable on Libya, RtoP, and Humanitarian Intervention", Ethics & International Affairs, 25/3: 251–4. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2011) "The Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention in Libya", Ethics & International Affairs, 25/3: 271–7. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2011) "The Rights and Duties of Humanitarian Intervention: A Reply to Two Critics", Global Discourse, 2 (I).

James Pattison (2010) Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect: Who Should Intervene? (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Awarded 'Notable Book Award' by the International Studies Association (International Ethics Section), 2011.
- Subject of Symposium in Global Discourse, with reviews by David Miller and Graham Long.
 -Subject of Review Essays by Jennifer Welsh,  Eric Heinze, Steven Lee,  Phil Orchard,  Peter Hilpold, and Marc G. Doucet 

James Pattison (2010) "Deeper Objections to the Privatisation of Military Force", Journal of Political Philosophy, 18/4: 425–47. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2010) "Outsourcing the Responsibility to Protect: Humanitarian Intervention and Private Military and Security Companies" International Theory, 2/1: 1–31. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2009) "Humanitarian Intervention, the Responsibility to Protect, and Jus in Bello", Global Responsibility to Protect, 1/3: 346–91.

James Pattison (2008) "Whose Responsibility to Protect? The Duties of Humanitarian Intervention", Journal of Military Ethics, 7/4: 262–83.

James Pattison (2008) "Legitimacy and Humanitarian Intervention: Who Should Intervene?", International Journal of Human Rights, 12/3: 395–413.

James Pattison (2008) "Just War Theory and the Privatization of Military Force", Ethics & International Affairs, 22/2: 143–62. This article is also available from the copyright holder  here.

James Pattison (2008) "Humanitarian Intervention and a Cosmopolitan UN Force", Journal of International Political Theory, 4/1: 126–45. This article is also available from the copyright holder here.

James Pattison (2007) "Representativeness and Humanitarian Intervention", Journal of Social Philosophy, 38/4: 569–87. This article is also available from the copyright holder  here.

James Pattison (2007) "Humanitarian Intervention and International Law: The Moral Significance of an Intervener's Legal Status", Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 10/3: 301–19.

Current teaching

POLI 32071: Between War and Peace

POLI 70492: Human Rights in World Politics

POLI 60502: Human Rights Vocational Placement

Arguing about Politics

PhD supervision

Teaching Ethos

I have taught for over ten years on a wide variety of courses, covering from Chinese foreign policy to the political philosophies of Kant and Hegel. I aim to deliver innovative, effective, and popular teaching. Most of my teaching links to my research interests in human rights, International Relations, and political theory. Indeed, my courses often draw directly on my research. For instance, previous modules that I have run have had sessions on Syria, the NATO intervention in Libya in 2011, and the ethical problems raised by the privatisation of military force. One of my central aims is to encourage a lively and fruitful debate, so that students are clear that they have learned from and enjoyed the session.

Areas of specialisation: the ethics of war, private military and security companies, the responsibility to protect, humanitarian intervention, the alternatives to war

Areas of competence: political philosophy, International Relations