Personal profile
Overview
Linda is part of the Health Economics Research team, based in the Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care. Health economics is one of the key health service research disciplines that underpin the Divisions methodolical research.
Linda's key roles are the design and implementation of economic evaluations in mental health and chronic disabilities, focussing on complex interventions for people with complex needs and measurement and valuation of preferences for health and social care.
Linda was a member of the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Clinical Evaluation and Trials Board 2011-2014 and a member of the core group of methodological experts for the NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research. April 2011-June 2015.
Biography
I became Professor in Health Economics in 2008 and am based in the Manchester Centre for Health Economics (MCHE). I have a BA in Economics and an MSc in Health Economics. My key roles are the design and implementation of economic evaluations in mental health and chronic disabilities, focussing on complex interventions for people with complex needs This includes research in mental health (eg depression, psychosis and bipolar disorder), dementia, co-morbid physical and mental health problems, psoriasis and arthritis. Many of the economic evaluations include synthesis of existing evidence using systematic review and modelling techniques. A key interest is the measurement of people’s preferences for the process and outcome of health and social care, and valuation of the relative importance of preferences for different aspects of those outcomes. This includes ongoing research to explore preferences for outcomes of care in mental health and psoriasis.
Research interests
Examples of current projects include:
COINCIDE: http://clahrc-gm.nihr.ac.uk/our-work-2008-2013/research-theme-healthcare-practitioners/3/.
The economic results are published here: Camacho EM, Ntais D, Coventry P et al BMJOpen 2016; 6:e01251 and here: Camacho E, Davies L, Hann R et al The British Journal of Psychiatry 2018; 213, 456–463.
A multi-centre programme of clinical and public health research to guide health service priorities for preventing suicide in England. http://www.bris.ac.uk/social-community-medicine/projects/suicide-prevention/research/
ABC-06 Role Principal economist.http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/science/research/who-and-what-we-fund/browse-by-location/manchester/christie-nhs-foundation-trust/grants/juan-valle-16281-cruk-13-004-abc-06-a-randomised-phase
PARTNERS2: development and pilot trial of primary care based collaborative care for people with serious mental illness. Role Principal economist. http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/activity/mds/projects/HaPS/PCCS/partners2/index.aspx
Effective home support in dementia care: components, impact and costs of tertiary prevention. Role: Principal Health Economist. http://www.nursing.manchester.ac.uk/pssru/research/DementiaHomeCare/
Neighbourhoods and dementia. Role Principal economist. http://www.nursing.manchester.ac.uk/research/projectdetails/?ID=3314
Improving the effectiveness of psychological interventions for depression and anxiety in the cardiac rehabilitation pathway (PATHWAY). Role Principal economist. http://www.mct-pathway.com/background/
Remote Monitoring of RA (REMORA). Role Principal economist. http://clahrc-gm.nihr.ac.uk/2015/04/were-delighted-to-be-working-with-arthritis-research-uk-to-improve-care-for-rheumatoid-arthritis-patients/
Focusing On Clozapine Unresponsive Symptoms (FOCUS): a randomised controlled trial. Role Principal economist. http://www.nets.nihr.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/81719/PRO-10-101-02.pdf
Enhancing the quality of user involved care planning in Mental Health Services (EQUIP). Role Principal economist. http://research.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/equip
Evaluating the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of BSL (British Sign Language) IAPT (Improving Access to Psychological Therapies). Role Principal economist. http://research.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/bsliaptevaluation
Multicentre RCT to Evaluate the Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of a Culturally Adapted Therapy (C-MAP) in Patients with a History of Self-Harm. Role Principal economist. Nusrat Husain, L Davies, C Roberts, Syed Mohiuddin, C Williams, C Chew-Graham, P Bee, K Chantler, N Chaudhry, I Chaudhry. MRC MR/N006062/1.
Multi Centre RCT of a group psychOlogical intervention for poStnatal depression in britisH mothers of south asiaN origIn - ROSHNI-D (The word Roshni means ‘light’ in Urdu/Hindi) Role Principal economist. http://www.nets.nihr.ac.uk/projects/hta/146808
Enhancing the credibility, usefulness and relevance of patient experience data in services for people with long-term physical and mental health conditions using digital data capture and improved analysis of narrative data. Role Principal economist. http://www.nets.nihr.ac.uk/projects/hsdr/1415616
Teaching
With Martin Eden, I lead the Health Economics module of the innovative Master of Public Health (MPH) to meet the training needs of health professionals interested in a career in public health or those seeking new skills in this area. The health economics module aims to enable participants to: understand the principles of health economics, structure an economic evaluation and appraise and apply economic evaluation evidence to decision-making in practice. The first half of the module covers the principles and concepts of economic evaluation in health care, whilst the second half explores how these are applied in practice.
My collaborations
I lead the health economics component in multi-disciplinary research programmes and projects. The research teams include service users, experts in qualititative research methods, statisticians, psychologists, sociologists, specialists in evidence synthesis as well as clinical researchers and health care professionals. Below are links to the home pages of a few research projects, which give examples of the range of people I collaborate with.
Developing effective strategies to reduce unscheduled care in chronic disease (CHOICE)
The Identification and Management of Psoriasis Associated ComorbidiTy (IMPACT)
Personalised monitoring and enhanced self-management in mental health (CareLoop)
Enhancing the Quality of User Involved Care Planning in Mental Health Services (EQUIP)
Within MCHE, the researchers I work closely with are:
Methodological knowledge
- Economics of mental health
- Designs and methods of explanatory economic analysis of complex interventions
- Patient and public preferences for process and outcomes of health care
- Economic evaluation of complex and simple health and social interventions (exploratory economic modelling and trial based economic analysis)
Qualifications
- BA Economics (2:1), North Staffordshire Polytechnic, 1983
- MSc Health Economics, University of York, 1984
Research Beacons, Institutes and Platforms
- Digital Futures
- Christabel Pankhurst Institute
Expertise related to UN Sustainable Development Goals
In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. This person’s work contributes towards the following SDG(s):
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SDG 1 No Poverty -
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being -
SDG 4 Quality Education -
SDG 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth -
SDG 10 Reduced Inequalities -
SDG 13 Climate Action -
SDG 16 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions -
SDG 17 Partnerships for the Goals
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Collaborations and top research areas from the last five years
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Key patient characteristics for the acknowledgement of patient heterogeneity in economic evaluations in severe mental illness: A Delphi consensus exercise
Shields, G. E., Farragher, T., Davies, L. M., Verma, A., Kirkham, J. K., Makara, D. & Clarkson, P., 25 Mar 2026, In: Journal of Mental Health.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
A post-diagnostic psycho-education, acceptance and commitment therapy programme for caregivers of children recently diagnosed with autism: A randomised controlled trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis (REACH-ASD Trial)
Shields, G., Rowlandson, A., Davies, L., Leadbitter, K., Smallman, R., Langhorne, S., Chu, P., Emsley, R., Bee, P., Hackett, L., Dunkerley, A., Harrison, L., Ellis, C., Hutton, T., Butter, C., Goldie, C., James, K. & Green, J., 31 Oct 2025, In: EClinicalMedicine. 88, 103470.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
Clinical effectiveness of an online psychoeducational and psychotherapeutic programme for caregivers of children newly diagnosed as autistic: a parallel, assessor-masked, randomised controlled trial in the UK (REACH-ASD)
Leadbitter, K., Langhorne, S., Smallman, R., Chu, P., Ellis, C., Harrison, L., Hutton, T., Butter, C., Goldie, C., James, K., Hackett, L., Dunkerley, A., Bee, P., Shields, G., Davies, L., Emsley, R., Green, J. & REACH-ASD Team, 1 Apr 2025, In: The lancet. Psychiatry. 12, 4, 289-302.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
Health and social care use, costs, and satisfaction among key workers accessing Resilience Hub support during the COVID-19 pandemic
Rowlandson, A., Varese, F., Davies, L. M., French, P., Allsopp, K., Carter, L.-A., Hind, D., McGuirk, K., Barrett, A., Bhutani, G., Huntley, F., Jordan, J., Sarsam, M., Ten Cate, H., Walker, H., Watson, R., Wilkinson, J., Willbourn, J. & Shields, G. E., 4 Feb 2025, In: BMC Health Services Research. 25, 205.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access -
Cost-effectiveness of metacognitive therapy for cardiac rehabilitation participants with symptoms of anxiety and/or depression: analysis of a randomised controlled trial
Shields, G. E., Camacho, E., Davies, L. M., Doherty, P., Reeves, D., Capobianco, L., Heagerty, A., Heal, C., Buck, D. & Wells, A., 20 Dec 2024, (E-pub ahead of print) In: BMJ Open. 14, 12Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open Access
Projects
- 16 Finished
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Poverty Reduction's Influence On Risk factors for NCDs: A systems approach
Verma, A. (PI), Ali, O. (CoI), Brass, A. (CoI), Catt, H. (CoI), Chandola, T. (CoI), Davies, L. (CoI), Edge, D. (CoI), Farragher, T. (CoI), Guo, H. (CoI), Hall, I. (CoI), Harrison, A. (CoI), Khurshed, A. (CoI), Kirkham, J. (CoI), Lupton, R. (CoI), Mitchell, S. (CoI), Mueller, J. (CoI), Munford, L. (CoI), Payton, A. (CoI), Raffo, C. (CoI), Regan, C. (CoI), Shields, G. (CoI), Spencer, A. (CoI), Waterson, H. (CoI) & Williams, G. (CoI)
1/05/20 → 31/10/20
Project: Research
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A peer-delivered disclosure course as an intervention to combat the stigma of psychosis: intervention refinement and feasibility ¿Let¿s Talk¿
Morrison, A. (PI), Davies, L. (CoI) & Peters, S. (CoI)
1/03/20 → 31/03/23
Project: Research
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The Prevention Of Suicide Behaviour in Prison: Enhancing Access to Therapy (PROSPECT) Programme.
Pratt, D. (PI), Appleby, L. (CoI), Awenat, Y. (CoI), Carter, L.-A. (CoI), Davies, L. (CoI), Edge, D. (CoI), Gooding, P. (CoI), Haddock, G. (CoI), Lennox, C. (CoI), Logan, C. (CoI), Shaw, J. (CoI), Crook, R. (Researcher) & Hendricks, C. (Support team)
1/10/19 → 30/09/23
Project: Research
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REACH-ASD Trial: A randomised Controlled Trial of Psycho education and Acceptance & Commitment Therapy for Parents of Children recently diagnosed with ASD
Green, J. (PI), Davies, L. (CoI) & Leadbitter, K. (CoI)
1/09/19 → 28/02/23
Project: Research
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The Effect on Relapse of Culturally-Adapted Family Intervention (CaFi) Compared to Usual Care Among African and Carribean People Diagnosed with Psychosis in the UK: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Edge, D. (PI), Abel, K. (CoI), Berry, K. (CoI), Carter, L.-A. (CoI), Davies, L. (CoI), Drake, R. (CoI), Morrison, A. (CoI) & Wilson, P. (CoI)
1/04/19 → 30/09/23
Project: Research
Impacts
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CBTPsychosis: Transforming psychological healthcare delivery for people with schizophrenia
Haddock, G. (Participant), Barrowclough, C. (Participant), Morrison, A. (Participant), Bentall, R. (Participant), Tarrier, N. (Participant), Lewis, S. (Participant), Davies, L. (Participant), Dunn, G. (Participant) & Tai, S. (Participant)
Impact: Health impacts, Societal impacts, Economic impacts
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CUtLASS: Changing attitudes and prescribing practice: cost effectiveness of first versus second generation antipsychotic drugs in people with schizophrenia
Lewis, S. (Participant), Dunn, G. (Participant) & Davies, L. (Participant)
Impact: Health impacts, Economic impacts
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Redressing health inequalities through evidence-based health and social care practice with Deaf sign language users
Young, A. (Participant), Rogers, K. (Participant), Ferguson-Coleman, E. (Participant), Oram, R. (Participant), Dodds, C. (Participant), Belk, R. (Participant), Shields, G. (Participant), Keady, J. (Participant), Davies, L. (Participant) & Lovell, K. (Participant)
Impact: Health and wellbeing, Society and culture
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World’s first effective treatment to prevent psychosis has been implemented as standard treatment in NHS mental health services across England
Morrison, A. (Participant), French, P. (Participant), Bentall, R. (Participant), Davies, L. (Participant), Dunn, G. (Participant), Lewis, S. (Participant), Parker, S. (Participant) & Byrne, R. (Participant)
Impact: Health and wellbeing
Datasets
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Improving the effectiveness of psychological interventions for depression and anxiety in the cardiac rehabilitation pathway using group-based metacognitive therapy (PATHWAY Group MCT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Wells, A. (Creator), McNicol, K. (Creator), Reeves, D. (Creator), Salmon, P. (Creator), Davies, L. (Creator), Heagerty, A. (Creator), Doherty, P. (Creator), Mcphillips, R. (Creator), Anderson, R. (Creator), Faija, C. (Creator), Capobianco, L. (Creator), Morley, H. (Creator), Gaffney, H. (Creator), Shields, G. (Creator) & Fisher, P. (Creator), figshare , 3 Apr 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4058213
Dataset
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Person-centredness in the care of older adults: a systematic review of questionnaire-based scales and their measurement properties
Wilberforce, M. (Contributor), Challis, D. (Contributor), Davies, L. (Contributor), Kelly, M. (Contributor), Roberts, C. (Contributor) & Loynes, N. (Contributor), figshare , 7 Mar 2016
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3638423.v1, https://figshare.com/collections/Person-centredness_in_the_care_of_older_adults_a_systematic_review_of_questionnaire-based_scales_and_their_measurement_properties/3638423/1
Dataset
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Accuracy of risk scales for predicting repeat self-harm and suicide: a multicentre, population-level cohort study using routine clinical data
Steeg, S. (Contributor), Quinlivan, L. (Contributor), Nowland, R. (Contributor), Carroll, R. J. (Contributor), Casey, D. (Contributor), Clements, C. (Contributor), Cooper, J. (Contributor), Davies, L. (Contributor), Knipe, D. (Contributor), Ness, J. (Contributor), O’connor, R. C. (Contributor), Hawton, K. (Contributor), Gunnell, D. (Contributor) & Kapur, N. (Contributor), figshare , 25 Apr 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4082858.v1, https://figshare.com/collections/Accuracy_of_risk_scales_for_predicting_repeat_self-harm_and_suicide_a_multicentre_population-level_cohort_study_using_routine_clinical_data/4082858/1
Dataset
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Investigating the feasibility and acceptability of a cognitive behavioural suicide prevention therapy for people in acute psychiatric wards (the ‘INSITE’ trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Haddock, G. (Contributor), Davies, L. (Contributor), Evans, E. (Contributor), Emsley, R. (Contributor), Gooding, P. (Contributor), Heaney, L. (Contributor), Jones, S. (Contributor), Kelly, J. (Contributor), Munro, A. (Contributor), Peters, S. (Contributor), Pratt, D. (Contributor), Tarrier, N. (Contributor), Windfuhr, K. (Contributor) & Awenat, Y. (Contributor), figshare , 11 Feb 2016
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3600323.v1, https://figshare.com/collections/Investigating_the_feasibility_and_acceptability_of_a_cognitive_behavioural_suicide_prevention_therapy_for_people_in_acute_psychiatric_wards_the_INSITE_trial_study_protocol_for_a_randomised_controlled_trial/3600323/1
Dataset
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Developing a core outcome set for people living with dementia at home in their neighbourhoods and communities: study protocol for use in the evaluation of non-pharmacological community-based health and social care interventions
Harding, A. J. E. (Contributor), Morbey, H. (Contributor), Ahmed, F. (Contributor), Opdebeeck, C. (Contributor), Wang, Y. Y. (Contributor), Williamson, P. (Contributor), Swarbrick, C. (Contributor), Leroi, I. (Contributor), Challis, D. (Contributor), Davies, L. (Contributor), Reeves, D. (Contributor), Holland, F. (Contributor), Hann, R. (Contributor), Ingrid, H. (Contributor), Lars-Christer, H. (Contributor), Burns, A. (Contributor), Keady, J. (Contributor) & Reilly, S. (Contributor), figshare , 24 Apr 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4080119.v1, https://figshare.com/collections/Developing_a_core_outcome_set_for_people_living_with_dementia_at_home_in_their_neighbourhoods_and_communities_study_protocol_for_use_in_the_evaluation_of_non-pharmacological_community-based_health_and_social_care_interventions/4080119/1
Dataset