照料视角下的都市家庭环境行动* ——基于北京和上海40位女性的深度访谈

This paper focuses on the environmental practices of urban women within the context of family life. By examining the daily care practices of urban women in China, it aims to understand informal and everyday environmental practices within the family, exploring women's environmental agency in everyday life. Through an analysis of in-depth interviews with 40 women aged 22-70 living in Shanghai and Beijing, this paper finds that women-led urban family care practices have rich environmental implications, including perceiving environmental risks, coping with environmental pollution, adapting to environmental changes, learning environmental knowledge, and practising environmental protection. The environmental implications of household care practices reflect an active group of contemporary Chinese women with diverse perspectives and environmental sensitivity. This paper further points out that while women's environmental sensitivity is partly rooted in social gender norms, some women demonstrate a capacity for reflecting on traditional gender norms and reshaping the relationships between individuals, families, and the environment during the care process. These findings underscore the necessity of adopting a care perspective to understand everyday environmental practices and contribute to a deeper understanding of environmental protection and women's participation in the process of Chinese modernization.

本文关注女性在家庭生活和日常生活中的亲环境行动。以中国都市女性的日常照料实践为抓手，本文试图理解日常的、非正式的家庭环境行动，探寻女性在日常生活情境中的环保能动性。通过分析生活在上海和北京的40名22-70岁女性的深度访谈数据，本文发现，女性主导的城市家庭日常照料具有丰富的环境意涵，主要包括感知环境风险、应对环境污染、适应环境变化、学习环境知识和践行环境保护。这些与环境相关的家庭行动折射出一个观点多元、积极活跃、具有环境敏感性的当代中国女性群体形象。本文进一步指出，女性的环境敏感虽然部分源于社会性别规范，但是在照料的过程中，一些女性展示出对传统的性/性别规范的反思以及重新塑造个体、家庭与环境之间关系的能力。这些研究发现证明了采用照料视角理解日常环境行动的必要性，也有助于进一步理解中国式现代化进程中的环境保护与妇女参与的议题。