TY - JOUR
T1 - A group parenting intervention for depressed fathers (LTP+ Dads)
T2 - A feasibility study from Pakistan
AU - Wan, Ming Wai
N1 - Funding Information:
Conflicts of Interest: M.I.H., I.B.C., and N.H. were previously Members, Board of Trustees, Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning (PILL). N.C. is currently serving as Chief Executive of PILL. M.I.H. is a Principal Investigator for a trial sponsored by COMPASS Pathways Limited and has been awarded grants from PILL, the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, Physician’s Services Incorporated (PSI) Foundation, and the Stanley Medical Research Institute (SMRI). I.B.C. and N.H. have given lectures and advice to Eli Lilly, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lundbeck, Astra Zeneca, and Janssen pharmaceuticals for which they or their employing institution have been reimbursed.
Funding Information:
Funding: The study was conducted as part of a larger Learning Through Play program funded by The Canadian International Develeopment Agency (CIDA) through the Hincks Dellcrest Centre, Toronto, Canada. The funding body had no role in the design and conduct of the study.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: This work was supported in part by an Academic Scholars Award to M.I.H. from the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto. We would like to thank Ed Bader for allowing us to incorporate sections of the "Focus on Fathers" manual in to our intervention. We would like to acknowledge study participants for their time and contribution to this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/1/6
Y1 - 2021/1/6
N2 - Background: Globally, paternal depression is a neglected and under-researched area. Aims: To feasibility test Learning Through Play Plus Dads (LTP+ Dads), a group parenting psychoeducation program adapted for depressed Pakistani fathers of children under 3 years of age. Methods: Fathers with depression were recruited in Karachi, Pakistan, for a pre-post feasibility study. Ten sessions of group LTP+ Dads were offered over three months. Clinical assessments were administered at baseline, three (end of intervention), and six (follow-up) months and included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Brief Disability Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Euro-Qol-5 Dimensions, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Parenting Stress Index, and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices questionnaire. Results: Of the 78 fathers approached, 34 consented to screening and 18 were eligible to participate. Participants had a mean age of 33 years, with a mean of 3.61 children. Most were unemployed and were from low-income households with low education backgrounds. The intervention was feasible and acceptable based on a recruitment rate of 100% of eligible participants and a 100% attendance rate for five of the 10 sessions. Fathers showed, on average, a reduction in depressive symptoms, an increase in most areas of knowledge, and positive attitudes about child development. Perceived social support, self-esteem, and functioning scores also increased. Conclusions: A low-cost, culturally adapted group intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable. Changes in depression, parenting-related, and other outcomes are promising and inform a future larger trial. Trial Registration: The trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov on 9 December 2020 (identifier: NCT04660253).
AB - Background: Globally, paternal depression is a neglected and under-researched area. Aims: To feasibility test Learning Through Play Plus Dads (LTP+ Dads), a group parenting psychoeducation program adapted for depressed Pakistani fathers of children under 3 years of age. Methods: Fathers with depression were recruited in Karachi, Pakistan, for a pre-post feasibility study. Ten sessions of group LTP+ Dads were offered over three months. Clinical assessments were administered at baseline, three (end of intervention), and six (follow-up) months and included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Brief Disability Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Euro-Qol-5 Dimensions, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Parenting Stress Index, and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices questionnaire. Results: Of the 78 fathers approached, 34 consented to screening and 18 were eligible to participate. Participants had a mean age of 33 years, with a mean of 3.61 children. Most were unemployed and were from low-income households with low education backgrounds. The intervention was feasible and acceptable based on a recruitment rate of 100% of eligible participants and a 100% attendance rate for five of the 10 sessions. Fathers showed, on average, a reduction in depressive symptoms, an increase in most areas of knowledge, and positive attitudes about child development. Perceived social support, self-esteem, and functioning scores also increased. Conclusions: A low-cost, culturally adapted group intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable. Changes in depression, parenting-related, and other outcomes are promising and inform a future larger trial. Trial Registration: The trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov on 9 December 2020 (identifier: NCT04660253).
KW - Cognitive behavior therapy
KW - Cultural adaptation
KW - Lowand middle-income country
KW - Parenting
KW - Paternal depression
U2 - 10.3390/children8010026
DO - 10.3390/children8010026
M3 - Article
SN - 2227-9067
VL - 8
JO - Children
JF - Children
IS - 1
M1 - 26
ER -