A LEED study of the FeTiO3(0001) surface following annealing in O2 partial pressures

R. A. Fellows; A. R. Lennie; D. J. Vaughan; G. Thornton

doi:10.1016/S0039-6028(97)00078-2

A LEED study of the FeTiO₃(0001) surface following annealing in O₂ partial pressures

R. A. Fellows^*, A. R. Lennie, D. J. Vaughan, G. Thornton

^*Corresponding author for this work

Earth and Environmental Sciences - Academic & Research

UMIST

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Abstract

The structure and composition of the (0001) surface of an FeTiO₃ (ilmenite) single crystal has been studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Argon-ion bombardment and annealing at 1130 K in a vacuum resulted in a (1 × 1) LEED pattern. Prolonged annealing 1.5 h at 1150 K in a vacuum of 1 × 10^-9 mbar O₂) gave a second LEED pattern which showed additional spots with their first zone vectors rotated 30° from the 〈1010〉 directions of the substrate. Further annealing of this surface in 1 × 10^-9 mbar O₂ at 1050 K for 30 min removed the first spots and enhanced the new spots. First-zone vector lengths of the new spots are √3/2 those of the first zone (1 × 1) spots. Structural models for the (1 × 1) and reconstructed surfaces termination are presented, the latter being consistent with an inverse spinel (111) surface. These observations of the FeTiO₃ surface behaviour are consistent with the bulk properties of the Fe-Ti-O system.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	50-56
Number of pages	7
Journal	Surface Science
Volume	383
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6028(97)00078-2
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 1997

Keywords

Iron-titanium oxide (compound)
Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)
Single crystal surfaces
Surface relaxation and reconstruction
Surface structure

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10.1016/S0039-6028(97)00078-2

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title = "A LEED study of the FeTiO3(0001) surface following annealing in O2 partial pressures",

abstract = "The structure and composition of the (0001) surface of an FeTiO3 (ilmenite) single crystal has been studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Argon-ion bombardment and annealing at 1130 K in a vacuum resulted in a (1 × 1) LEED pattern. Prolonged annealing 1.5 h at 1150 K in a vacuum of 1 × 10-9 mbar O2) gave a second LEED pattern which showed additional spots with their first zone vectors rotated 30° from the 〈1010〉 directions of the substrate. Further annealing of this surface in 1 × 10-9 mbar O2 at 1050 K for 30 min removed the first spots and enhanced the new spots. First-zone vector lengths of the new spots are √3/2 those of the first zone (1 × 1) spots. Structural models for the (1 × 1) and reconstructed surfaces termination are presented, the latter being consistent with an inverse spinel (111) surface. These observations of the FeTiO3 surface behaviour are consistent with the bulk properties of the Fe-Ti-O system.",

keywords = "Iron-titanium oxide (compound), Low energy electron diffraction (LEED), Single crystal surfaces, Surface relaxation and reconstruction, Surface structure",

author = "Fellows, {R. A.} and Lennie, {A. R.} and Vaughan, {D. J.} and G. Thornton",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Professor Ulf Halenius and the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm for providing the FeTiO 3 single crystal used in this study (Museum reference #40:0050). This work was funded by NERC (Grant No. GR/08549), including the award of a studentship to R.A.F. (GT4/95/225/E) and a postdoctoral fellowship to A.R.L., and by EPSRC (UK).",

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AU - Fellows, R. A.

AU - Lennie, A. R.

AU - Vaughan, D. J.

AU - Thornton, G.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Professor Ulf Halenius and the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm for providing the FeTiO 3 single crystal used in this study (Museum reference #40:0050). This work was funded by NERC (Grant No. GR/08549), including the award of a studentship to R.A.F. (GT4/95/225/E) and a postdoctoral fellowship to A.R.L., and by EPSRC (UK).

PY - 1997/7/1

Y1 - 1997/7/1

N2 - The structure and composition of the (0001) surface of an FeTiO3 (ilmenite) single crystal has been studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Argon-ion bombardment and annealing at 1130 K in a vacuum resulted in a (1 × 1) LEED pattern. Prolonged annealing 1.5 h at 1150 K in a vacuum of 1 × 10-9 mbar O2) gave a second LEED pattern which showed additional spots with their first zone vectors rotated 30° from the 〈1010〉 directions of the substrate. Further annealing of this surface in 1 × 10-9 mbar O2 at 1050 K for 30 min removed the first spots and enhanced the new spots. First-zone vector lengths of the new spots are √3/2 those of the first zone (1 × 1) spots. Structural models for the (1 × 1) and reconstructed surfaces termination are presented, the latter being consistent with an inverse spinel (111) surface. These observations of the FeTiO3 surface behaviour are consistent with the bulk properties of the Fe-Ti-O system.

AB - The structure and composition of the (0001) surface of an FeTiO3 (ilmenite) single crystal has been studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Argon-ion bombardment and annealing at 1130 K in a vacuum resulted in a (1 × 1) LEED pattern. Prolonged annealing 1.5 h at 1150 K in a vacuum of 1 × 10-9 mbar O2) gave a second LEED pattern which showed additional spots with their first zone vectors rotated 30° from the 〈1010〉 directions of the substrate. Further annealing of this surface in 1 × 10-9 mbar O2 at 1050 K for 30 min removed the first spots and enhanced the new spots. First-zone vector lengths of the new spots are √3/2 those of the first zone (1 × 1) spots. Structural models for the (1 × 1) and reconstructed surfaces termination are presented, the latter being consistent with an inverse spinel (111) surface. These observations of the FeTiO3 surface behaviour are consistent with the bulk properties of the Fe-Ti-O system.

KW - Iron-titanium oxide (compound)

KW - Low energy electron diffraction (LEED)

KW - Single crystal surfaces

KW - Surface relaxation and reconstruction

KW - Surface structure

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A LEED study of the FeTiO₃(0001) surface following annealing in O₂ partial pressures

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