A Review on Skin Regeneration and Silk Fibroin

Skin is one of the most important organs surrounding the human body, which is responsible for protecting people from infection, injury and temperature. The healing of a skin wound is a complex process requiring the collaborative effects of various tissues, cell lineages and cytokines. However, the healing process can be improved by the use of biomaterials such as silk fibroin. Here, a brief discussion for cell and material choice for wound healing has been given. Currently, for instance, the attempts for skin regeneration mainly using rat skin fibroblasts (3T3 or L929), human keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts by seeding on collagen, gelatin, aginate, chitosan, fibronectin and fibrin to provide an excellent Excetral Cellular Matrix (ECM) environment have been reported. Otherwise Bioprinting technology has been reported for fabrication of 3D artificial ECM instead of freeze drying or electrospinning technologies. Furthermore, a discussion of the recent achievements and their limitations has been stated and some expectations have been listed.