Aggressive communication about women online: From familiar anti-women sentiments to misogyny influencers and male supremacism in the manosphere

Aggressive communication towards women is certainly not a new phenomenon. However, its growing proliferation in the online sphere works to sow divisions and polarizations across genders, making the Internet an unwelcoming and inaccessible space for cis women, trans women, and non-binary people alike. This chapter explores how misogynist communication is (re)produced within the online sphere, tracing familiar forms of misogynist hostility and anti-feminism across social media sites and juxtaposing this with the rise of structured male supremacism within the Internet manosphere. I end on a discussion of the intersectional nature of misogynist abuse, focusing specifically on the ways that racism, queerphobia, femmephobia, and transphobia collude with misogyny to subjugate particular types of women in quantifiably different ways.