An in vitro study of a novel quaternary ammonium silane endodontic irrigant

Umer Daood; Abhishek Parolia; A Elkezza; C.K.Y. Yiu; Jukka Matinlinna; Amr S Fawzy

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.020

An in vitro study of a novel quaternary ammonium silane endodontic irrigant

Umer Daood, Abhishek Parolia, A Elkezza, C.K.Y. Yiu, Jukka Matinlinna, Amr S Fawzy

Division of Dentistry (L5)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze effect of NaOCl+2% quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-containing novel irrigant against bacteria impregnated inside the root canal system, and to evaluate its antimicrobial and mechanical potential of dentine substrate.

METHODS: Root canal was prepared using stainless steel K-files™ and ProTaper™ and subjected to manual and ultrasonic irrigation using 6% NaOCl+2% CHX, 6% NaOCl+2% QAS and saline as control. For confocal-microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis before and after treatment, Enterococcus faecalis cultured for 7 days. Raman spectroscopy analysis was done across cut section of gutta percha/sealer-dentine to detect resin infiltration. Indentation of mechanical properties was evaluated using a Berkovich indenter. The contact angle of irrigants and surface free energy were evaluated. Mineralization nodules were detected through Alazarin red after 14 days.

RESULTS: Control biofilms showed dense green colonies. Majority of E. faecalis bacteria were present in biofilm fluoresced red in NaOCl+2% QAS group. There was reduction of 484cm-1 Raman band and its intensity reached lowest with NaOCl+2% QAS. There was an increase in 1350-1420cm-1 intensity in the NaOCl+2% CHX groups. Gradual decrease in 1639cm-1 and 1609cm-1 Raman signal ratios were seen in the resin-depth region of 17μm>, 14.1μm> and 13.2μm for NaOCl+2% QAS, NaOCl+2% CHX and control groups respectively. All obturated groups showed an intact sealer/dentine interface with a few notable differences. 0.771 and 83.5% creep indentation distance for NaOCl+2% QAS ultrasonic groups were observed. Highest proportion of polar component was significantly found in the NaOCl+2% QAS groups which was significantly higher as compared to other groups. Mineralized nodules were increased in NaOCl+2% QAS.

SIGNIFICANCE: Favorable antimicrobial and endodontic profile of the NaOCl+2% QAS solution might suggest clinical use for it for more predictable reduction of intracanal bacteria.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1264-1278
Number of pages	15
Journal	Dental Materials
Volume	35
Issue number	9
Early online date	12 Jun 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.020
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2019

Keywords

Ammonium Compounds
Biofilms
Dental Pulp Cavity
Dentin
Enterococcus faecalis
Root Canal Irrigants
Silanes

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10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.020

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title = "An in vitro study of a novel quaternary ammonium silane endodontic irrigant",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To analyze effect of NaOCl+2\% quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-containing novel irrigant against bacteria impregnated inside the root canal system, and to evaluate its antimicrobial and mechanical potential of dentine substrate.METHODS: Root canal was prepared using stainless steel K-files{\texttrademark} and ProTaper{\texttrademark} and subjected to manual and ultrasonic irrigation using 6\% NaOCl+2\% CHX, 6\% NaOCl+2\% QAS and saline as control. For confocal-microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis before and after treatment, Enterococcus faecalis cultured for 7 days. Raman spectroscopy analysis was done across cut section of gutta percha/sealer-dentine to detect resin infiltration. Indentation of mechanical properties was evaluated using a Berkovich indenter. The contact angle of irrigants and surface free energy were evaluated. Mineralization nodules were detected through Alazarin red after 14 days.RESULTS: Control biofilms showed dense green colonies. Majority of E. faecalis bacteria were present in biofilm fluoresced red in NaOCl+2\% QAS group. There was reduction of 484cm-1 Raman band and its intensity reached lowest with NaOCl+2\% QAS. There was an increase in 1350-1420cm-1 intensity in the NaOCl+2\% CHX groups. Gradual decrease in 1639cm-1 and 1609cm-1 Raman signal ratios were seen in the resin-depth region of 17μm>, 14.1μm> and 13.2μm for NaOCl+2\% QAS, NaOCl+2\% CHX and control groups respectively. All obturated groups showed an intact sealer/dentine interface with a few notable differences. 0.771 and 83.5\% creep indentation distance for NaOCl+2\% QAS ultrasonic groups were observed. Highest proportion of polar component was significantly found in the NaOCl+2\% QAS groups which was significantly higher as compared to other groups. Mineralized nodules were increased in NaOCl+2\% QAS.SIGNIFICANCE: Favorable antimicrobial and endodontic profile of the NaOCl+2\% QAS solution might suggest clinical use for it for more predictable reduction of intracanal bacteria.",

keywords = "Ammonium Compounds, Biofilms, Dental Pulp Cavity, Dentin, Enterococcus faecalis, Root Canal Irrigants, Silanes",

author = "Umer Daood and Abhishek Parolia and A Elkezza and C.K.Y. Yiu and Jukka Matinlinna and Fawzy, \{Amr S\}",

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AU - Daood, Umer

AU - Parolia, Abhishek

AU - Elkezza, A

AU - Yiu, C.K.Y.

AU - Matinlinna, Jukka

AU - Fawzy, Amr S

PY - 2019/9/1

Y1 - 2019/9/1

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To analyze effect of NaOCl+2% quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-containing novel irrigant against bacteria impregnated inside the root canal system, and to evaluate its antimicrobial and mechanical potential of dentine substrate.METHODS: Root canal was prepared using stainless steel K-files™ and ProTaper™ and subjected to manual and ultrasonic irrigation using 6% NaOCl+2% CHX, 6% NaOCl+2% QAS and saline as control. For confocal-microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis before and after treatment, Enterococcus faecalis cultured for 7 days. Raman spectroscopy analysis was done across cut section of gutta percha/sealer-dentine to detect resin infiltration. Indentation of mechanical properties was evaluated using a Berkovich indenter. The contact angle of irrigants and surface free energy were evaluated. Mineralization nodules were detected through Alazarin red after 14 days.RESULTS: Control biofilms showed dense green colonies. Majority of E. faecalis bacteria were present in biofilm fluoresced red in NaOCl+2% QAS group. There was reduction of 484cm-1 Raman band and its intensity reached lowest with NaOCl+2% QAS. There was an increase in 1350-1420cm-1 intensity in the NaOCl+2% CHX groups. Gradual decrease in 1639cm-1 and 1609cm-1 Raman signal ratios were seen in the resin-depth region of 17μm>, 14.1μm> and 13.2μm for NaOCl+2% QAS, NaOCl+2% CHX and control groups respectively. All obturated groups showed an intact sealer/dentine interface with a few notable differences. 0.771 and 83.5% creep indentation distance for NaOCl+2% QAS ultrasonic groups were observed. Highest proportion of polar component was significantly found in the NaOCl+2% QAS groups which was significantly higher as compared to other groups. Mineralized nodules were increased in NaOCl+2% QAS.SIGNIFICANCE: Favorable antimicrobial and endodontic profile of the NaOCl+2% QAS solution might suggest clinical use for it for more predictable reduction of intracanal bacteria.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze effect of NaOCl+2% quaternary ammonium silane (QAS)-containing novel irrigant against bacteria impregnated inside the root canal system, and to evaluate its antimicrobial and mechanical potential of dentine substrate.METHODS: Root canal was prepared using stainless steel K-files™ and ProTaper™ and subjected to manual and ultrasonic irrigation using 6% NaOCl+2% CHX, 6% NaOCl+2% QAS and saline as control. For confocal-microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis before and after treatment, Enterococcus faecalis cultured for 7 days. Raman spectroscopy analysis was done across cut section of gutta percha/sealer-dentine to detect resin infiltration. Indentation of mechanical properties was evaluated using a Berkovich indenter. The contact angle of irrigants and surface free energy were evaluated. Mineralization nodules were detected through Alazarin red after 14 days.RESULTS: Control biofilms showed dense green colonies. Majority of E. faecalis bacteria were present in biofilm fluoresced red in NaOCl+2% QAS group. There was reduction of 484cm-1 Raman band and its intensity reached lowest with NaOCl+2% QAS. There was an increase in 1350-1420cm-1 intensity in the NaOCl+2% CHX groups. Gradual decrease in 1639cm-1 and 1609cm-1 Raman signal ratios were seen in the resin-depth region of 17μm>, 14.1μm> and 13.2μm for NaOCl+2% QAS, NaOCl+2% CHX and control groups respectively. All obturated groups showed an intact sealer/dentine interface with a few notable differences. 0.771 and 83.5% creep indentation distance for NaOCl+2% QAS ultrasonic groups were observed. Highest proportion of polar component was significantly found in the NaOCl+2% QAS groups which was significantly higher as compared to other groups. Mineralized nodules were increased in NaOCl+2% QAS.SIGNIFICANCE: Favorable antimicrobial and endodontic profile of the NaOCl+2% QAS solution might suggest clinical use for it for more predictable reduction of intracanal bacteria.

KW - Ammonium Compounds

KW - Biofilms

KW - Dental Pulp Cavity

KW - Dentin

KW - Enterococcus faecalis

KW - Root Canal Irrigants

KW - Silanes

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An in vitro study of a novel quaternary ammonium silane endodontic irrigant

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Keywords

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