Analysis of the Tribolium homeotic complex: Insights into mechanisms constraining insect Hox clusters

Teresa D. Shippy, Matthew Ronshaugen, Jessica Cande, Jian Ping He, Richard W. Beeman, Michael Levine, Susan J. Brown, Robin E. Denell

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    The remarkable conservation of Hox clusters is an accepted but little understood principle of biology. Some organizational constraints have been identified for vertebrate Hox clusters, but most of these are thought to be recent innovations that may not apply to other organisms. Ironically, many model organisms have disrupted Hox clusters and may not be well-suited for studies of structural constraints. In contrast, the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, which has a long history in Hox gene research, is thought to have a more ancestral-type Hox cluster organization. Here, we demonstrate that the Tribolium homeotic complex (HOMC) is indeed intact, with the individual Hox genes in the expected colinear arrangement and transcribed from the same strand. There is no evidence that the cluster has been invaded by non-Hox protein-coding genes, although expressed sequence tag and genome tiling data suggest that noncoding transcripts are prevalent. Finally, our analysis of several mutations affecting the Tribolium HOMC suggests that intermingling of enhancer elements with neighboring transcription units may constrain the structure of at least one region of the Tribolium cluster. This work lays a foundation for future studies of the Tribolium HOMC that may provide insights into the reasons for Hox cluster conservation. © The Author(s) 2008.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)127-139
    Number of pages12
    JournalDevelopment Genes and Evolution
    Volume218
    Issue number3-4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Apr 2008

    Keywords

    • Homeotic
    • Hox cluster
    • Insect
    • Tiling
    • Tribolium

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