Analysis of Tilt Effect on Notch Depth Profiling Using Thin-Skin Regime of Driver-Pickup Eddy-Current Sensor

Mingyang Lu; Xiaobai Meng; Ruochen Huang; Anthony Peyton; Wuliang Yin

doi:10.3390/s21165536

Analysis of Tilt Effect on Notch Depth Profiling Using Thin-Skin Regime of Driver-Pickup Eddy-Current Sensor

Mingyang Lu, Xiaobai Meng, Ruochen Huang, Anthony Peyton, Wuliang Yin

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Abstract

Electromagnetic eddy current sensors are commonly used to identify and quantify the surface notches of metals. However, the unintentional tilt of eddy current sensors affects results of size profiling, particularly for the depth profiling. In this paper, based on the eddy current thin-skin regime, a revised algorithm has been proposed for the analytical voltage or impedance of a tilted driver–pickup eddy current sensor scanning across a long ideal notch. Considering the resolution of the measurement, the bespoke driver–pickup, also termed as transmitter–receiver (T-R) sensor is designed with a small mean radius of 1 mm. In addition, the T-R sensor is connected to the electromagnetic instrument and controlled by a scanning stage with high spatial travel resolution, with a limit of 0.2 μm and selected as 0.25 mm. Experiments were conducted for imaging of an aluminium sheet with seven machined long notches of different depths using T-R sensor under different tilt angles. By fitting the measured voltage (both real and imaginary part) with proposed analytical algorithms, the depth profiling of notches is less affected by the tilt angle of sensors. From the results, the depth of notches can be retrieved within a deviation of 10% for tilt angles up to 60 degrees.

Original language	English
Article number	5536
Journal	Sensors
Volume	21
Issue number	16
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165536
Publication status	Published - 17 Aug 2021

Keywords

Depth measurement
Eddy current driver–pickup sensor
Non‐destructive testing
Surface crack
Thin‐skin regime

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10.3390/s21165536Licence: CC BY

sensors-21-05536-v2Final published version, 6 MBLicence: CC BY

Electromagnetic Sensing Group
Peyton, A. (PI), Fletcher, A. (Researcher), Daniels, D. (CoI), Conniffe, D. (PGR student), Podd, F. (PI), Davidson, J. (Researcher), Anderson, J. (Support team), Wilson, J. (Researcher), Marsh, L. (PI), O'Toole, M. (PI), Watson, S. (PGR student), Yin, W. (PI), Regan, A. (PGR student), Williams, K. (Researcher), Rana, S. (Researcher), Khalil, K. (PGR student), Hills, D. (PGR student), Whyte, C. (PGR student), Wang, C. (PGR student), Hodgskin-Brown, R. (PGR student), Dadkhahtehrani, F. (PGR student), Forster, S. (PGR student), Zhu, F. (PGR student), Yu, K. (PGR student), Xiong, L. (PGR student), Lu, T. (PGR student), Zhang, L. (PGR student), Lyu, R. (PGR student), Zhu, R. (PGR student), She, S. (PGR student), Meng, T. (PGR student), Pang, X. (PGR student), Zheng, X. (PGR student), Bai, X. (PGR student), Zou, X. (PGR student), Ding, Y. (PGR student), Shao, Y. (PGR student), Xia, Z. (PGR student), Zhang, Z. (PGR student), Khangerey, R. (PGR student) & Lawless, B. (Researcher)
1/10/04 → …
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@article{8663e929930145aa81ea07c46b32ba44,

title = "Analysis of Tilt Effect on Notch Depth Profiling Using Thin-Skin Regime of Driver-Pickup Eddy-Current Sensor",

abstract = "Electromagnetic eddy current sensors are commonly used to identify and quantify the surface notches of metals. However, the unintentional tilt of eddy current sensors affects results of size profiling, particularly for the depth profiling. In this paper, based on the eddy current thin-skin regime, a revised algorithm has been proposed for the analytical voltage or impedance of a tilted driver–pickup eddy current sensor scanning across a long ideal notch. Considering the resolution of the measurement, the bespoke driver–pickup, also termed as transmitter–receiver (T-R) sensor is designed with a small mean radius of 1 mm. In addition, the T-R sensor is connected to the electromagnetic instrument and controlled by a scanning stage with high spatial travel resolution, with a limit of 0.2 μm and selected as 0.25 mm. Experiments were conducted for imaging of an aluminium sheet with seven machined long notches of different depths using T-R sensor under different tilt angles. By fitting the measured voltage (both real and imaginary part) with proposed analytical algorithms, the depth profiling of notches is less affected by the tilt angle of sensors. From the results, the depth of notches can be retrieved within a deviation of 10% for tilt angles up to 60 degrees.",

keywords = "Depth measurement, Eddy current driver–pickup sensor, Non‐destructive testing, Surface crack, Thin‐skin regime",

author = "Mingyang Lu and Xiaobai Meng and Ruochen Huang and Anthony Peyton and Wuliang Yin",

note = "Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by [UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)] [grant number: EP/P027237/1], grant number EP/P027237/1. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

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doi = "10.3390/s21165536",

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AU - Lu, Mingyang

AU - Meng, Xiaobai

AU - Huang, Ruochen

AU - Peyton, Anthony

AU - Yin, Wuliang

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by [UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)] [grant number: EP/P027237/1], grant number EP/P027237/1. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2021/8/17

Y1 - 2021/8/17

N2 - Electromagnetic eddy current sensors are commonly used to identify and quantify the surface notches of metals. However, the unintentional tilt of eddy current sensors affects results of size profiling, particularly for the depth profiling. In this paper, based on the eddy current thin-skin regime, a revised algorithm has been proposed for the analytical voltage or impedance of a tilted driver–pickup eddy current sensor scanning across a long ideal notch. Considering the resolution of the measurement, the bespoke driver–pickup, also termed as transmitter–receiver (T-R) sensor is designed with a small mean radius of 1 mm. In addition, the T-R sensor is connected to the electromagnetic instrument and controlled by a scanning stage with high spatial travel resolution, with a limit of 0.2 μm and selected as 0.25 mm. Experiments were conducted for imaging of an aluminium sheet with seven machined long notches of different depths using T-R sensor under different tilt angles. By fitting the measured voltage (both real and imaginary part) with proposed analytical algorithms, the depth profiling of notches is less affected by the tilt angle of sensors. From the results, the depth of notches can be retrieved within a deviation of 10% for tilt angles up to 60 degrees.

AB - Electromagnetic eddy current sensors are commonly used to identify and quantify the surface notches of metals. However, the unintentional tilt of eddy current sensors affects results of size profiling, particularly for the depth profiling. In this paper, based on the eddy current thin-skin regime, a revised algorithm has been proposed for the analytical voltage or impedance of a tilted driver–pickup eddy current sensor scanning across a long ideal notch. Considering the resolution of the measurement, the bespoke driver–pickup, also termed as transmitter–receiver (T-R) sensor is designed with a small mean radius of 1 mm. In addition, the T-R sensor is connected to the electromagnetic instrument and controlled by a scanning stage with high spatial travel resolution, with a limit of 0.2 μm and selected as 0.25 mm. Experiments were conducted for imaging of an aluminium sheet with seven machined long notches of different depths using T-R sensor under different tilt angles. By fitting the measured voltage (both real and imaginary part) with proposed analytical algorithms, the depth profiling of notches is less affected by the tilt angle of sensors. From the results, the depth of notches can be retrieved within a deviation of 10% for tilt angles up to 60 degrees.

KW - Depth measurement

KW - Eddy current driver–pickup sensor

KW - Non‐destructive testing

KW - Surface crack

KW - Thin‐skin regime

U2 - 10.3390/s21165536

DO - 10.3390/s21165536

M3 - Article

SN - 1424-8220

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JO - Sensors

JF - Sensors

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ER -

Analysis of Tilt Effect on Notch Depth Profiling Using Thin-Skin Regime of Driver-Pickup Eddy-Current Sensor

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