Bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration and their hierarchical characterisation

J. R. Jones, S. Lin, S. Yue, P. D. Lee, J. V. Hanna, M. E. Smith, R. J. Newport

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    Scaffolds are needed that can act as temporary templates for bone regeneration and actively stimulate vascularized bone growth so that bone grafting is no longer necessary. To achieve this, the scaffold must have a suitable interconnected pore network and be made of an osteogenic material. Bioactive glass is an ideal material because it rapidly bonds to bone and degrades over time, releasing soluble silica and calcium ions that are thought to stimulate osteoprogenitor cells. Melt-derived bioactive glasses, such as the original Bioglass® composition, are available commercially, but porous scaffolds have been difficult to produce because Bioglass and similar compositions crystallize on sintering. Sol-gel foam scaffolds have been developed that avoid this problem. They have a hierarchical pore structure comprising interconnected macropores, with interconnect diameters in excess of the 100 μm that is thought to be needed for vascularized bone ingrowth, and an inherent nanoporosity of interconnected mesopores (2-50 nm) which is beneficial for the attachment of osteoprogenitor cells. They also have a compressive strength in the range of cancellous bone. This paper describes the optimized sol-gel foaming process and illustrates the importance of optimizing the hierarchical structure from the atomic through nano, to the macro scale with respect to biological response. © 2010 Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1373-1387
    Number of pages14
    JournalProceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine
    Volume224
    Issue number12
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Dec 2010

    Keywords

    • bioactive glass
    • bone regeneration
    • image analysis
    • nanostructure
    • NMR
    • scaffolds
    • tissue engineering
    • X-ray microtomography
    • XRD

    Fingerprint

    Dive into the research topics of 'Bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration and their hierarchical characterisation'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

    Cite this