Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force

Jérôme Galon; Franck Pagès; Francesco M. Marincola; Helen K. Angell; Magdalena Thurin; Alessandro Lugli; Inti Zlobec; Anne Berger; Carlo Bifulco; Gerardo Botti; Fabiana Tatangelo; Cedrik M. Britten; Sebastian Kreiter; Lotfi Chouchane; Paolo Delrio; Hartmann Arndt; Martin Asslaber; Michele Maio; Giuseppe V. Masucci; Martin Mihm; Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha; James P. Allison; Sacha Gnjatic; Leif Hakansson; Christoph Huber; Harpreet Singh-Jasuja; Christian Ottensmeier; Heinz Zwierzina; Luigi Laghi; Fabio Grizzi; Pamela S. Ohashi; Patricia A. Shaw; Blaise A. Clarke; Bradly G. Wouters; Yutaka Kawakami; Shoichi Hazama; Kiyotaka Okuno; Ena Wang; Jill O'Donnell-Tormey; Christine Lagorce; Graham Pawelec; Michael I. Nishimura; Robert Hawkins; Réjean Lapointe; Andreas Lundqvist; Samir N. Khleif; Shuji Ogino; Peter Gibbs; Paul Waring; Noriyuki Sato; Toshihiko Torigoe; Kyogo Itoh; Prabhu S. Patel; Shilin N. Shukla; Richard Palmqvist; Iris D. Nagtegaal; Yili Wang; Corrado D'Arrigo; Scott Kopetz; Frank A. Sinicrope; Giorgio Trinchieri; Thomas F. Gajewski; Paolo A. Ascierto; Bernard A. Fox

doi:10.1186/1479-5876-10-205

Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force

Jérôme Galon, Franck Pagès, Francesco M. Marincola, Helen K. Angell, Magdalena Thurin, Alessandro Lugli, Inti Zlobec, Anne Berger, Carlo Bifulco, Gerardo Botti, Fabiana Tatangelo, Cedrik M. Britten, Sebastian Kreiter, Lotfi Chouchane, Paolo Delrio, Hartmann Arndt, Martin Asslaber, Michele Maio, Giuseppe V. Masucci, Martin MihmFernando Vidal-Vanaclocha, James P. Allison, Sacha Gnjatic, Leif Hakansson, Christoph Huber, Harpreet Singh-Jasuja, Christian Ottensmeier, Heinz Zwierzina, Luigi Laghi, Fabio Grizzi, Pamela S. Ohashi, Patricia A. Shaw, Blaise A. Clarke, Bradly G. Wouters, Yutaka Kawakami, Shoichi Hazama, Kiyotaka Okuno, Ena Wang, Jill O'Donnell-Tormey, Christine Lagorce, Graham Pawelec, Michael I. Nishimura, Robert Hawkins, Réjean Lapointe, Andreas Lundqvist, Samir N. Khleif, Shuji Ogino, Peter Gibbs, Paul Waring, Noriyuki Sato, Toshihiko Torigoe, Kyogo Itoh, Prabhu S. Patel, Shilin N. Shukla, Richard Palmqvist, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Yili Wang, Corrado D'Arrigo, Scott Kopetz, Frank A. Sinicrope, Giorgio Trinchieri, Thomas F. Gajewski, Paolo A. Ascierto, Bernard A. Fox

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Prediction of clinical outcome in cancer is usually achieved by histopathological evaluation of tissue samples obtained during surgical resection of the primary tumor. Traditional tumor staging (AJCC/UICC-TNM classification) summarizes data on tumor burden (T), presence of cancer cells in draining and regional lymph nodes (N) and evidence for metastases (M). However, it is now recognized that clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same stage. The current classification provides limited prognostic information, and does not predict response to therapy. Recent literature has alluded to the importance of the host immune system in controlling tumor progression. Thus, evidence supports the notion to include immunological biomarkers, implemented as a tool for the prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. Accumulating data, collected from large cohorts of human cancers, has demonstrated the impact of immune-classification, which has a prognostic value that may add to the significance of the AJCC/UICC TNM-classification. It is therefore imperative to begin to incorporate the 'Immunoscore' into traditional classification, thus providing an essential prognostic and potentially predictive tool. Introduction of this parameter as a biomarker to classify cancers, as part of routine diagnostic and prognostic assessment of tumors, will facilitate clinical decision-making including rational stratification of patient treatment. Equally, the inherent complexity of quantitative immunohistochemistry, in conjunction with protocol variation across laboratories, analysis of different immune cell types, inconsistent region selection criteria, and variable ways to quantify immune infiltration, all underline the urgent requirement to reach assay harmonization. In an effort to promote the Immunoscore in routine clinical settings, an international task force was initiated. This review represents a follow-up of the announcement of this initiative, and of the J Transl Med. editorial from January 2012. Immunophenotyping of tumors may provide crucial novel prognostic information. The results of this international validation may result in the implementation of the Immunoscore as a new component for the classification of cancer, designated TNM-I (TNM-Immune). © 2012 Galon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Original language	English
Article number	205
Journal	Journal of Translational Medicine
Volume	10
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-10-205
Publication status	Published - 3 Oct 2012

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Galon, J., Pagès, F., Marincola, F. M., Angell, H. K., Thurin, M., Lugli, A., Zlobec, I., Berger, A., Bifulco, C., Botti, G., Tatangelo, F., Britten, C. M., Kreiter, S., Chouchane, L., Delrio, P., Arndt, H., Asslaber, M., Maio, M., Masucci, G. V., ... Fox, B. A. (2012). Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force. Journal of Translational Medicine, 10(1), Article 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-10-205

@article{23599d3ad88640b1817a650f872c284b,

title = "Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force",

abstract = "Prediction of clinical outcome in cancer is usually achieved by histopathological evaluation of tissue samples obtained during surgical resection of the primary tumor. Traditional tumor staging (AJCC/UICC-TNM classification) summarizes data on tumor burden (T), presence of cancer cells in draining and regional lymph nodes (N) and evidence for metastases (M). However, it is now recognized that clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same stage. The current classification provides limited prognostic information, and does not predict response to therapy. Recent literature has alluded to the importance of the host immune system in controlling tumor progression. Thus, evidence supports the notion to include immunological biomarkers, implemented as a tool for the prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. Accumulating data, collected from large cohorts of human cancers, has demonstrated the impact of immune-classification, which has a prognostic value that may add to the significance of the AJCC/UICC TNM-classification. It is therefore imperative to begin to incorporate the 'Immunoscore' into traditional classification, thus providing an essential prognostic and potentially predictive tool. Introduction of this parameter as a biomarker to classify cancers, as part of routine diagnostic and prognostic assessment of tumors, will facilitate clinical decision-making including rational stratification of patient treatment. Equally, the inherent complexity of quantitative immunohistochemistry, in conjunction with protocol variation across laboratories, analysis of different immune cell types, inconsistent region selection criteria, and variable ways to quantify immune infiltration, all underline the urgent requirement to reach assay harmonization. In an effort to promote the Immunoscore in routine clinical settings, an international task force was initiated. This review represents a follow-up of the announcement of this initiative, and of the J Transl Med. editorial from January 2012. Immunophenotyping of tumors may provide crucial novel prognostic information. The results of this international validation may result in the implementation of the Immunoscore as a new component for the classification of cancer, designated TNM-I (TNM-Immune). {\textcopyright} 2012 Galon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.",

author = "J{\'e}r{\^o}me Galon and Franck Pag{\`e}s and Marincola, {Francesco M.} and Angell, {Helen K.} and Magdalena Thurin and Alessandro Lugli and Inti Zlobec and Anne Berger and Carlo Bifulco and Gerardo Botti and Fabiana Tatangelo and Britten, {Cedrik M.} and Sebastian Kreiter and Lotfi Chouchane and Paolo Delrio and Hartmann Arndt and Martin Asslaber and Michele Maio and Masucci, {Giuseppe V.} and Martin Mihm and Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha and Allison, {James P.} and Sacha Gnjatic and Leif Hakansson and Christoph Huber and Harpreet Singh-Jasuja and Christian Ottensmeier and Heinz Zwierzina and Luigi Laghi and Fabio Grizzi and Ohashi, {Pamela S.} and Shaw, {Patricia A.} and Clarke, {Blaise A.} and Wouters, {Bradly G.} and Yutaka Kawakami and Shoichi Hazama and Kiyotaka Okuno and Ena Wang and Jill O'Donnell-Tormey and Christine Lagorce and Graham Pawelec and Nishimura, {Michael I.} and Robert Hawkins and R{\'e}jean Lapointe and Andreas Lundqvist and Khleif, {Samir N.} and Shuji Ogino and Peter Gibbs and Paul Waring and Noriyuki Sato and Toshihiko Torigoe and Kyogo Itoh and Patel, {Prabhu S.} and Shukla, {Shilin N.} and Richard Palmqvist and Nagtegaal, {Iris D.} and Yili Wang and Corrado D'Arrigo and Scott Kopetz and Sinicrope, {Frank A.} and Giorgio Trinchieri and Gajewski, {Thomas F.} and Ascierto, {Paolo A.} and Fox, {Bernard A.}",

year = "2012",

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doi = "10.1186/1479-5876-10-205",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "Journal of Translational Medicine",

publisher = "Springer Nature",

number = "1",

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Galon, J, Pagès, F, Marincola, FM, Angell, HK, Thurin, M, Lugli, A, Zlobec, I, Berger, A, Bifulco, C, Botti, G, Tatangelo, F, Britten, CM, Kreiter, S, Chouchane, L, Delrio, P, Arndt, H, Asslaber, M, Maio, M, Masucci, GV, Mihm, M, Vidal-Vanaclocha, F, Allison, JP, Gnjatic, S, Hakansson, L, Huber, C, Singh-Jasuja, H, Ottensmeier, C, Zwierzina, H, Laghi, L, Grizzi, F, Ohashi, PS, Shaw, PA, Clarke, BA, Wouters, BG, Kawakami, Y, Hazama, S, Okuno, K, Wang, E, O'Donnell-Tormey, J, Lagorce, C, Pawelec, G, Nishimura, MI, Hawkins, R, Lapointe, R, Lundqvist, A, Khleif, SN, Ogino, S, Gibbs, P, Waring, P, Sato, N, Torigoe, T, Itoh, K, Patel, PS, Shukla, SN, Palmqvist, R, Nagtegaal, ID, Wang, Y, D'Arrigo, C, Kopetz, S, Sinicrope, FA, Trinchieri, G, Gajewski, TF, Ascierto, PA & Fox, BA 2012, 'Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force', Journal of Translational Medicine, vol. 10, no. 1, 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-10-205

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force

AU - Galon, Jérôme

AU - Pagès, Franck

AU - Marincola, Francesco M.

AU - Angell, Helen K.

AU - Thurin, Magdalena

AU - Lugli, Alessandro

AU - Zlobec, Inti

AU - Berger, Anne

AU - Bifulco, Carlo

AU - Botti, Gerardo

AU - Tatangelo, Fabiana

AU - Britten, Cedrik M.

AU - Kreiter, Sebastian

AU - Chouchane, Lotfi

AU - Delrio, Paolo

AU - Arndt, Hartmann

AU - Asslaber, Martin

AU - Maio, Michele

AU - Masucci, Giuseppe V.

AU - Mihm, Martin

AU - Vidal-Vanaclocha, Fernando

AU - Allison, James P.

AU - Gnjatic, Sacha

AU - Hakansson, Leif

AU - Huber, Christoph

AU - Singh-Jasuja, Harpreet

AU - Ottensmeier, Christian

AU - Zwierzina, Heinz

AU - Laghi, Luigi

AU - Grizzi, Fabio

AU - Ohashi, Pamela S.

AU - Shaw, Patricia A.

AU - Clarke, Blaise A.

AU - Wouters, Bradly G.

AU - Kawakami, Yutaka

AU - Hazama, Shoichi

AU - Okuno, Kiyotaka

AU - Wang, Ena

AU - O'Donnell-Tormey, Jill

AU - Lagorce, Christine

AU - Pawelec, Graham

AU - Nishimura, Michael I.

AU - Hawkins, Robert

AU - Lapointe, Réjean

AU - Lundqvist, Andreas

AU - Khleif, Samir N.

AU - Ogino, Shuji

AU - Gibbs, Peter

AU - Waring, Paul

AU - Sato, Noriyuki

AU - Torigoe, Toshihiko

AU - Itoh, Kyogo

AU - Patel, Prabhu S.

AU - Shukla, Shilin N.

AU - Palmqvist, Richard

AU - Nagtegaal, Iris D.

AU - Wang, Yili

AU - D'Arrigo, Corrado

AU - Kopetz, Scott

AU - Sinicrope, Frank A.

AU - Trinchieri, Giorgio

AU - Gajewski, Thomas F.

AU - Ascierto, Paolo A.

AU - Fox, Bernard A.

PY - 2012/10/3

Y1 - 2012/10/3

N2 - Prediction of clinical outcome in cancer is usually achieved by histopathological evaluation of tissue samples obtained during surgical resection of the primary tumor. Traditional tumor staging (AJCC/UICC-TNM classification) summarizes data on tumor burden (T), presence of cancer cells in draining and regional lymph nodes (N) and evidence for metastases (M). However, it is now recognized that clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same stage. The current classification provides limited prognostic information, and does not predict response to therapy. Recent literature has alluded to the importance of the host immune system in controlling tumor progression. Thus, evidence supports the notion to include immunological biomarkers, implemented as a tool for the prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. Accumulating data, collected from large cohorts of human cancers, has demonstrated the impact of immune-classification, which has a prognostic value that may add to the significance of the AJCC/UICC TNM-classification. It is therefore imperative to begin to incorporate the 'Immunoscore' into traditional classification, thus providing an essential prognostic and potentially predictive tool. Introduction of this parameter as a biomarker to classify cancers, as part of routine diagnostic and prognostic assessment of tumors, will facilitate clinical decision-making including rational stratification of patient treatment. Equally, the inherent complexity of quantitative immunohistochemistry, in conjunction with protocol variation across laboratories, analysis of different immune cell types, inconsistent region selection criteria, and variable ways to quantify immune infiltration, all underline the urgent requirement to reach assay harmonization. In an effort to promote the Immunoscore in routine clinical settings, an international task force was initiated. This review represents a follow-up of the announcement of this initiative, and of the J Transl Med. editorial from January 2012. Immunophenotyping of tumors may provide crucial novel prognostic information. The results of this international validation may result in the implementation of the Immunoscore as a new component for the classification of cancer, designated TNM-I (TNM-Immune). © 2012 Galon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

AB - Prediction of clinical outcome in cancer is usually achieved by histopathological evaluation of tissue samples obtained during surgical resection of the primary tumor. Traditional tumor staging (AJCC/UICC-TNM classification) summarizes data on tumor burden (T), presence of cancer cells in draining and regional lymph nodes (N) and evidence for metastases (M). However, it is now recognized that clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same stage. The current classification provides limited prognostic information, and does not predict response to therapy. Recent literature has alluded to the importance of the host immune system in controlling tumor progression. Thus, evidence supports the notion to include immunological biomarkers, implemented as a tool for the prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. Accumulating data, collected from large cohorts of human cancers, has demonstrated the impact of immune-classification, which has a prognostic value that may add to the significance of the AJCC/UICC TNM-classification. It is therefore imperative to begin to incorporate the 'Immunoscore' into traditional classification, thus providing an essential prognostic and potentially predictive tool. Introduction of this parameter as a biomarker to classify cancers, as part of routine diagnostic and prognostic assessment of tumors, will facilitate clinical decision-making including rational stratification of patient treatment. Equally, the inherent complexity of quantitative immunohistochemistry, in conjunction with protocol variation across laboratories, analysis of different immune cell types, inconsistent region selection criteria, and variable ways to quantify immune infiltration, all underline the urgent requirement to reach assay harmonization. In an effort to promote the Immunoscore in routine clinical settings, an international task force was initiated. This review represents a follow-up of the announcement of this initiative, and of the J Transl Med. editorial from January 2012. Immunophenotyping of tumors may provide crucial novel prognostic information. The results of this international validation may result in the implementation of the Immunoscore as a new component for the classification of cancer, designated TNM-I (TNM-Immune). © 2012 Galon et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

U2 - 10.1186/1479-5876-10-205

DO - 10.1186/1479-5876-10-205

M3 - Article

VL - 10

JO - Journal of Translational Medicine

JF - Journal of Translational Medicine

IS - 1

M1 - 205

ER -

Cancer classification using the Immunoscore: A worldwide task force

Abstract

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