@article{aa2e62060f44438390696fff868a3b17,
title = "COVID-19 and deprivation amplification: An ecological study of geographical inequalities in mortality in England",
abstract = "{\textquoteleft}Deprivation amplification{\textquoteright} is used to understand the relationship between deprivation, scale and COVID-19 mortality rates. We found that more deprived Middle Super Output Areas (MSOAs) in the more deprived northern regions suffered greater COVID-19 mortality rates. Across England, the most deprived 20% of MSOAs had higher mortality than the least deprived (44.1% more COVID-19 deaths/10,000). However, the most deprived MSOAs in the north fared worse than equally deprived areas in the rest of England (14.5% more deaths/10,000, beta = 0.136, p < 0.01). There was also strong evidence of spatial clustering and spill-overs. We discuss these findings in relation to {\textquoteleft}deprivation amplification{\textquoteright}, the {\textquoteleft}syndemic pandemic{\textquoteright}, and the health and place literature.",
keywords = "COVID-19, Deprivation, Health inequalities, Place, Syndemic",
author = "Luke Munford and Sam Khavandi and Clare Bambra",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank Hannah Davies at the Northern Health Sciences Alliance (NHSA) for support with facilitating this research collaboration. CB is funded by a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award ( 221266/Z/20/Z ), the Health Foundation ( 2211473 ), the NIHR School of Public Health Research ( PD-SPH-2015 ) and NIHR ARC North East and North Cumbria ( NIHR200173 ). LM and SK are funded by NIHR ARC Greater Manchester ( NIHR200174 ). CB is also an NIHR Senior Investigator. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, or the Department of Health and Social Care. Funding Information: We would like to thank Hannah Davies at the Northern Health Sciences Alliance (NHSA) for support with facilitating this research collaboration. CB is funded by a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award (221266/Z/20/Z), the Health Foundation (2211473), the NIHR School of Public Health Research (PD-SPH-2015) and NIHR ARC North East and North Cumbria (NIHR200173). LM and SK are funded by NIHR ARC Greater Manchester (NIHR200174). CB is also an NIHR Senior Investigator. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, or the Department of Health and Social Care. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102933",
language = "English",
volume = "78",
journal = "Health and Place",
issn = "1353-8292",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}
