Creating critical mass of research excellence in the region: The case of Scottish Research pooling initiatives

This article examines the recent development of, and policy rationale for "research pooling" initiatives in Scotland. Research pooling initiatives have been started with financial support from the Scottish Funding Council in order to form inter-organizational "international critical mass" of research excellence at universities at the regional level. This article examines the development of university cooperations at the regional level as vehicles for obtaining "strategic resources". Then the "multi-level governance" structure of research pooling is explored in light of the future development of a Scottish regional innovation system (RIS). Particular attention is drawn to challenges concerning knowledge transfer, which is critical in integrating research pooling initiatives in the development of RIS in Scotland.