Cross-reactive sensors (or e-Noses)

An e-Nose is based on having an array of broadly tuned sensors that produce a unique response pattern when exposed to a complex mixture of chemicals, with the pattern being different when the mixture changes or new chemicals are detected. It is now applied to noninvasive screening and diagnostics of patients for many diseases, sniffing breath or bodily secretions. This chapter presents concepts and application of e-noses in addressing one of the most challenging questions – can it help to distinguish high-risk individuals from low-risk before the development of a disease? Representative results indicating the utility of e-noses in this enavcour are presented and discussed.