Development of a whiteness index for dentistry

Wen Luo; Stephen Westland; Roger Ellwood; Iain Pretty; Vien Cheung

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011

Development of a whiteness index for dentistry

Wen Luo, Stephen Westland, Roger Ellwood, Iain Pretty, Vien Cheung

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a new whiteness index which correlates to perception of tooth whiteness. Methods: Psychophysical experiments were conducted by a panel of observers under a standard viewing condition as well as under typical clinical viewing conditions. Various existing whiteness and yellowness indices were compared with regard to their ability to measure the perceived whiteness of human teeth. The Pearson coefficient of determination and '% wrong decision' method were used to determine the best index for tooth whiteness measurement. Results: A new whiteness formula (WIO) was developed by optimising the original CIE whiteness formula (WIC) and it was found that WIO gave the best performance for predicting tooth whiteness based on the laboratory results. A total of 88 NHS patients repeated the same visual experiments under typical clinical viewing conditions. Conclusion: The results confirmed the finding that the new whiteness formula is appropriate for the prediction of tooth whiteness. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	e21-e26
Journal	Journal of Dentistry
Volume	37
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011
Publication status	Published - 2009

Keywords

Tooth whiteness
Tooth whitening trials
Visual assessment
Whiteness index

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10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011

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title = "Development of a whiteness index for dentistry",

abstract = "Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a new whiteness index which correlates to perception of tooth whiteness. Methods: Psychophysical experiments were conducted by a panel of observers under a standard viewing condition as well as under typical clinical viewing conditions. Various existing whiteness and yellowness indices were compared with regard to their ability to measure the perceived whiteness of human teeth. The Pearson coefficient of determination and '% wrong decision' method were used to determine the best index for tooth whiteness measurement. Results: A new whiteness formula (WIO) was developed by optimising the original CIE whiteness formula (WIC) and it was found that WIO gave the best performance for predicting tooth whiteness based on the laboratory results. A total of 88 NHS patients repeated the same visual experiments under typical clinical viewing conditions. Conclusion: The results confirmed the finding that the new whiteness formula is appropriate for the prediction of tooth whiteness. {\textcopyright} 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",

keywords = "Tooth whiteness, Tooth whitening trials, Visual assessment, Whiteness index",

author = "Wen Luo and Stephen Westland and Roger Ellwood and Iain Pretty and Vien Cheung",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011",

language = "English",

volume = "37",

pages = "e21--e26",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Development of a whiteness index for dentistry

AU - Luo, Wen

AU - Westland, Stephen

AU - Ellwood, Roger

AU - Pretty, Iain

AU - Cheung, Vien

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a new whiteness index which correlates to perception of tooth whiteness. Methods: Psychophysical experiments were conducted by a panel of observers under a standard viewing condition as well as under typical clinical viewing conditions. Various existing whiteness and yellowness indices were compared with regard to their ability to measure the perceived whiteness of human teeth. The Pearson coefficient of determination and '% wrong decision' method were used to determine the best index for tooth whiteness measurement. Results: A new whiteness formula (WIO) was developed by optimising the original CIE whiteness formula (WIC) and it was found that WIO gave the best performance for predicting tooth whiteness based on the laboratory results. A total of 88 NHS patients repeated the same visual experiments under typical clinical viewing conditions. Conclusion: The results confirmed the finding that the new whiteness formula is appropriate for the prediction of tooth whiteness. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a new whiteness index which correlates to perception of tooth whiteness. Methods: Psychophysical experiments were conducted by a panel of observers under a standard viewing condition as well as under typical clinical viewing conditions. Various existing whiteness and yellowness indices were compared with regard to their ability to measure the perceived whiteness of human teeth. The Pearson coefficient of determination and '% wrong decision' method were used to determine the best index for tooth whiteness measurement. Results: A new whiteness formula (WIO) was developed by optimising the original CIE whiteness formula (WIC) and it was found that WIO gave the best performance for predicting tooth whiteness based on the laboratory results. A total of 88 NHS patients repeated the same visual experiments under typical clinical viewing conditions. Conclusion: The results confirmed the finding that the new whiteness formula is appropriate for the prediction of tooth whiteness. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KW - Tooth whiteness

KW - Tooth whitening trials

KW - Visual assessment

KW - Whiteness index

U2 - 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011

DO - 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.05.011

M3 - Article

SN - 0300-5712

VL - 37

SP - e21-e26

JO - Journal of Dentistry

JF - Journal of Dentistry

IS - 1

ER -

Development of a whiteness index for dentistry

Abstract

Keywords

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