Endometrial Cancer Prevention in High Risk Women

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy and its incidence is rising alongside the growing prevalence of obesity. Effective risk reducing interventions hijacking the key mechanisms driving endometrial carcinogenesis may reduce endometrial cancer diagnoses if aimed at those at greatest risk. An understanding of the key risk factors and their role in tumourigenesis is critical in developing such prevention strategies. In this review, we summarise the major risk factors for endometrial cancer and the evidence for available risk reducing interventions in high risk women. We suggest potential prevention strategies and make a case for the need for risk prediction models that identify specific groups of women at a particularly high risk of endometrial cancer for whom risk reducing interventions are likely to have significant impact.