Evolution of the Ventral Midline in Insect Embryos

Robert P. Zinzen; Jessica Cande; Matthew Ronshaugen; Dmitri Papatsenko; Mike Levine

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.012

Evolution of the Ventral Midline in Insect Embryos

Robert P. Zinzen, Jessica Cande, Matthew Ronshaugen, Dmitri Papatsenko, Mike Levine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The ventral midline is a source of signals that pattern the nerve cord of insect embryos. In dipterans such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (D.mel.) and the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (A.gam.), the midline is narrow and spans just 1-2 cells. However, in the honeybee, Apis mellifera (A.mel.), the ventral midline is broad and encompasses 5-6 cells. slit and other midline-patterning genes display a corresponding expansion in expression. Evidence is presented that this difference is due to divergent cis regulation of the single-minded (sim) gene, which encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor essential for midline differentiation. sim is regulated by a combination of Notch signaling and a Twist (Twi) activator gradient in D.mel., but it is activated solely by Twi in A.mel. We suggest that the Twi-only mode of regulation-and the broad ventral midline-represents the ancestral form of CNS patterning in Holometabolous insects. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	895-902
Number of pages	7
Journal	Developmental cell
Volume	11
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.012
Publication status	Published - Dec 2006

Keywords

DEVBIO
EVO_ECOL

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title = "Evolution of the Ventral Midline in Insect Embryos",

abstract = "The ventral midline is a source of signals that pattern the nerve cord of insect embryos. In dipterans such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (D.mel.) and the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (A.gam.), the midline is narrow and spans just 1-2 cells. However, in the honeybee, Apis mellifera (A.mel.), the ventral midline is broad and encompasses 5-6 cells. slit and other midline-patterning genes display a corresponding expansion in expression. Evidence is presented that this difference is due to divergent cis regulation of the single-minded (sim) gene, which encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor essential for midline differentiation. sim is regulated by a combination of Notch signaling and a Twist (Twi) activator gradient in D.mel., but it is activated solely by Twi in A.mel. We suggest that the Twi-only mode of regulation-and the broad ventral midline-represents the ancestral form of CNS patterning in Holometabolous insects. {\textcopyright} 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",

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author = "Zinzen, {Robert P.} and Jessica Cande and Matthew Ronshaugen and Dmitri Papatsenko and Mike Levine",

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T1 - Evolution of the Ventral Midline in Insect Embryos

AU - Zinzen, Robert P.

AU - Cande, Jessica

AU - Ronshaugen, Matthew

AU - Papatsenko, Dmitri

AU - Levine, Mike

PY - 2006/12

Y1 - 2006/12

N2 - The ventral midline is a source of signals that pattern the nerve cord of insect embryos. In dipterans such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (D.mel.) and the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (A.gam.), the midline is narrow and spans just 1-2 cells. However, in the honeybee, Apis mellifera (A.mel.), the ventral midline is broad and encompasses 5-6 cells. slit and other midline-patterning genes display a corresponding expansion in expression. Evidence is presented that this difference is due to divergent cis regulation of the single-minded (sim) gene, which encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor essential for midline differentiation. sim is regulated by a combination of Notch signaling and a Twist (Twi) activator gradient in D.mel., but it is activated solely by Twi in A.mel. We suggest that the Twi-only mode of regulation-and the broad ventral midline-represents the ancestral form of CNS patterning in Holometabolous insects. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

AB - The ventral midline is a source of signals that pattern the nerve cord of insect embryos. In dipterans such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (D.mel.) and the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (A.gam.), the midline is narrow and spans just 1-2 cells. However, in the honeybee, Apis mellifera (A.mel.), the ventral midline is broad and encompasses 5-6 cells. slit and other midline-patterning genes display a corresponding expansion in expression. Evidence is presented that this difference is due to divergent cis regulation of the single-minded (sim) gene, which encodes a bHLH-PAS transcription factor essential for midline differentiation. sim is regulated by a combination of Notch signaling and a Twist (Twi) activator gradient in D.mel., but it is activated solely by Twi in A.mel. We suggest that the Twi-only mode of regulation-and the broad ventral midline-represents the ancestral form of CNS patterning in Holometabolous insects. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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KW - EVO_ECOL

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DO - 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.012

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SP - 895

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JO - Developmental cell

JF - Developmental cell

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ER -

Evolution of the Ventral Midline in Insect Embryos

Abstract

Keywords

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