Abstract
We explain time-varying expected returns by time-variation in the covariance of the market return with the pricing kernel. Simple specifications in which the kernel is spanned by a small number of factors reveal substantial levels of predictability with 1-year R2 of 17–18%. The pricing kernel identified by the model is essentially orthogonal to news about expected returns, suggesting that the predictability of market returns is due to the time-varying risk of cash-flow news.
| Original language | English |
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| Pages (from-to) | 276-300 |
| Journal | Journal of Empirical Finance |
| Volume | 72 |
| Early online date | 15 Mar 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jun 2023 |