Hospital admissions associated with adverse drug reactions: A systematic review of prospective observational studies

Chuenjid Kongkaew, Peter R. Noyce, Darren M. Ashcroft

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hospital admissions associated with ADRs and examine differences in prevalence rates between population groups and methods of ADR detection. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified through electronic searches of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, and MEDLINE to August 2007. There were no language restrictions. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: A systematic review was conducted of prospective observational studies that used the World Health Organization ADR definition. Subgroup analysis examined the influence of patient age groups and methods of ADR detection on reported ADR admission rates. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA v 9.0. DATA SYNTHESIS: Twenty-five studies were identified including 106,586 patients who were hospitalized; 2143 of these patients had experienced ADRs. The prevalence rates of ADRs ranged from 0.16% to 15.7%, with an overall median of 5.3% (interquartile range [IQR] 2.7-9.0%). Median ADR prevalence rates varied between age groups; for children, the ADR admission rate was 4.1% (IQR 0.16-5.3%), while the corresponding rates for adults and elderly patients were 6.3% (IQR 3.9-9.0%) and 10.7% (IQR 9.6-13.3%), respectively. ADR rates also varied depending on the methods of ADR detection employed in the different studies. Studies that employed multiple ADR detection methods, such as medical record review and patient interview, reported higher ADR admission rates compared with studies that used medical record review alone. Antiinfective drugs were most often associated with ADR admissions in children; cardiovascular drugs were most often associated with ADR admissions in adults and elderly patients. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 5.3% of hospital admissions were associated with ADRs. Higher rates were found in elderly patients who are likely to be receiving multiple medications for long-term illnesses. The methods used to detect ADRs are also likely to explain much of the variation in the reported ADR prevalence rates between different studies.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1017-1025
    Number of pages8
    JournalAnnals of Pharmacotherapy
    Volume42
    Issue number7-8
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Jul 2008

    Keywords

    • Adverse drug event
    • Adverse drug reaction
    • Hospital admission

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