TY - JOUR
T1 - In situ measurement of the strains within a mechanically loaded polygranular graphite
AU - Marrow, TJ
AU - Liu, D
AU - Barhli, SM
AU - Mora, LS
AU - Vertyagina, Y
AU - Collins, DM
AU - Reinhard, C
AU - Kabra, Saurabh
AU - Flewitt, PEJ
AU - Smith, DJ
PY - 2016/1
Y1 - 2016/1
N2 - Neutron diffraction and synchrotron X-ray diffraction and imaging have been applied to study, in situ, the mechanical response to tensile and bending loading of polygranular Gilsocarbon nuclear grade near-isotropic graphite (grade IM1-24). Digital image correlation of X-ray radiographs and digital volume correlation of tomographs allow measurement of bulk elastic moduli and examination of the heterogeneity of deformation in the microstructure. Both the neutron and X-ray studies show the application of tensile strain reduces the bulk elastic modulus. A permanent set is observed to develop with applied tensile strain. The elastic strains within the graphite crystals were measured by diffraction; a cross-correlation analysis method has been applied for greater speed, robustness and improved precision in the measurement of the change in basal plane separation distance. In compression, a linear relation is observed between the elastic strains in the graphite crystals and the applied strain. In tension, this relationship is non-linear. The results are discussed with respect to the distribution of elastic and inelastic strain within the graphite microstructure. It is deduced that the significant residual elastic strains in the as-manufactured graphite are relaxed by microcracking as tensile strain is applied.
AB - Neutron diffraction and synchrotron X-ray diffraction and imaging have been applied to study, in situ, the mechanical response to tensile and bending loading of polygranular Gilsocarbon nuclear grade near-isotropic graphite (grade IM1-24). Digital image correlation of X-ray radiographs and digital volume correlation of tomographs allow measurement of bulk elastic moduli and examination of the heterogeneity of deformation in the microstructure. Both the neutron and X-ray studies show the application of tensile strain reduces the bulk elastic modulus. A permanent set is observed to develop with applied tensile strain. The elastic strains within the graphite crystals were measured by diffraction; a cross-correlation analysis method has been applied for greater speed, robustness and improved precision in the measurement of the change in basal plane separation distance. In compression, a linear relation is observed between the elastic strains in the graphite crystals and the applied strain. In tension, this relationship is non-linear. The results are discussed with respect to the distribution of elastic and inelastic strain within the graphite microstructure. It is deduced that the significant residual elastic strains in the as-manufactured graphite are relaxed by microcracking as tensile strain is applied.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.09.058
DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.09.058
M3 - Article
SN - 0008-6223
VL - 96
SP - 285
EP - 302
JO - Carbon
JF - Carbon
ER -