TY - JOUR
T1 - International airport emissions and their impact on local air quality
T2 - Chemical speciation of ambient aerosols at Madrid-Barajas Airport during the AVIATOR campaign
AU - Alzahrani, Saleh
AU - Killic, Dogushan
AU - Flynn, Michael
AU - Williams, Paul I.
AU - Allan, James
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Saleh Alzahrani et al.
PY - 2024/8/20
Y1 - 2024/8/20
N2 - Madrid-Barajas Airport (MAD) is the fourth-busiest airport in Europe. The aerosol chemical composition and the concentrations of other key pollutants were measured at the airport perimeter during October 2021 to assess the impact of airport emissions on local air quality. A high-fidelity ambient instrumentation system was deployed at Madrid-Barajas Airport to measure the following: concentrations of organic aerosols (with their composition), black carbon (eBC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), total hydrocarbon (THC), and total particle number. The average concentrations of eBC, NOx, SO2, PM2.5, PM10, CO, and THC at the airport for the entire campaign were 1.07 μgm-3, 22.7 μgm-3, 4.10 μgm-3, 9.35 μgm-3, 16.43 μgm-3, 0.23 mgm-3, and 2.30 mgm-3, respectively. The source apportionment analysis of the non-refractory organic aerosol (OA) using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) allowed us to discriminate between different sources of pollution, namely less oxidised oxygenated organic aerosol (LO-OOA), alkane organic aerosol (AlkOA), and more oxidised oxygenated organic aerosol (MO-OOA). The results showed that LO-OOA and MO-OOA account for more than 80 % of the total organic particle mass measured near the runway. Trace gases correlate better with the AlkOA factor than LO-OOA and MO-OOA, indicating that AlkOA is mainly related to primary combustion emissions. Bivariate polar plots were used for pollutant source identification. Significantly higher concentrations of the obtained factors were observed at low wind speeds (<3 ms-1) from the southwest, where two of the runways and all terminals are located. Higher SO2/NOx and CO/eBC ratios were observed when the winds originated from the northeast, where the two northern runways are located. These elevated ratios are attributed to the aircraft activity being the major pollutant source in the northeast area.
AB - Madrid-Barajas Airport (MAD) is the fourth-busiest airport in Europe. The aerosol chemical composition and the concentrations of other key pollutants were measured at the airport perimeter during October 2021 to assess the impact of airport emissions on local air quality. A high-fidelity ambient instrumentation system was deployed at Madrid-Barajas Airport to measure the following: concentrations of organic aerosols (with their composition), black carbon (eBC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), total hydrocarbon (THC), and total particle number. The average concentrations of eBC, NOx, SO2, PM2.5, PM10, CO, and THC at the airport for the entire campaign were 1.07 μgm-3, 22.7 μgm-3, 4.10 μgm-3, 9.35 μgm-3, 16.43 μgm-3, 0.23 mgm-3, and 2.30 mgm-3, respectively. The source apportionment analysis of the non-refractory organic aerosol (OA) using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) allowed us to discriminate between different sources of pollution, namely less oxidised oxygenated organic aerosol (LO-OOA), alkane organic aerosol (AlkOA), and more oxidised oxygenated organic aerosol (MO-OOA). The results showed that LO-OOA and MO-OOA account for more than 80 % of the total organic particle mass measured near the runway. Trace gases correlate better with the AlkOA factor than LO-OOA and MO-OOA, indicating that AlkOA is mainly related to primary combustion emissions. Bivariate polar plots were used for pollutant source identification. Significantly higher concentrations of the obtained factors were observed at low wind speeds (<3 ms-1) from the southwest, where two of the runways and all terminals are located. Higher SO2/NOx and CO/eBC ratios were observed when the winds originated from the northeast, where the two northern runways are located. These elevated ratios are attributed to the aircraft activity being the major pollutant source in the northeast area.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85201898739&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.5194/acp-24-9045-2024
DO - 10.5194/acp-24-9045-2024
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85201898739
SN - 1680-7316
VL - 24
SP - 9045
EP - 9058
JO - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
IS - 16
ER -