Learning from Failures (LFF): A multilevel conceptual model for changing safety in the Nigerian Construction Industry

In this theory-driven literature review, we proposed to examine how national, industrial, and organisational level of safety culture may inform our understanding of human behaviours that affect safety outcomes. According to safety science theory, the level of safety culture significantly affects safety outcomes. However, from the emerging research on safety performance in Africa, it has not put much focus on studying the effect of safety culture. From this we constructed a conceptual model based on Learning from Failures (LFF) that depicted how multi-level safety culture of the nation, industry and organisation could affect safety outcomes.