Lift-off invariant inductance of steels in multi-frequency eddy-current testing

Mingyang Lu; Xiaobai Meng; Ruochen Huang; Liming Chen; Anthony Peyton; Wuliang Yin

doi:10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102458

Lift-off invariant inductance of steels in multi-frequency eddy-current testing

Mingyang Lu, Xiaobai Meng, Ruochen Huang, Liming Chen, Anthony Peyton, Wuliang Yin

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Abstract

Eddy current testing can be used to interrogate steels but it is hampered by the lift-off distance of the sensor. Previously, the lift-off point of intersection (LOI) feature has been found for the pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing. In this paper, a lift-off invariant inductance (LII) feature is proposed for the multi-frequency eddy current (MEC) testing, which merely targets the ferromagnetic steels. That is, at a certain working frequency, the measured inductance signal is found nearly immune to the lift-off distance of the sensor. Such working frequency and inductance are termed as the lift-off invariant frequency (LIF) and LII. Through simulations and experimental measurements of different steels under the multi-frequency manner, the LII has been verified to be merely related to the sensor parameters and independent of different steels. By referring to the LIF of the test piece and using an iterative inverse solver, one of the steel properties (either the electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability) can be reconstructed with a high accuracy.

Original language	English
Article number	102458
Pages (from-to)	102458
Journal	NDT & E International
Volume	121
Early online date	29 Apr 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102458
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2021

Keywords

Eddy current testing
Lift-off invariance
Multi-frequency
Non-destructive testing
Property measurement

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10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102458

Lift-off invariant inductance of steels in multi-frequency eddy-current testingAccepted author manuscript, 2.05 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Electromagnetic Sensing Group
Peyton, A. (PI), Fletcher, A. (Researcher), Daniels, D. (CoI), Conniffe, D. (PGR student), Podd, F. (PI), Davidson, J. (Researcher), Anderson, J. (Support team), Wilson, J. (Researcher), Marsh, L. (PI), O'Toole, M. (PI), Watson, S. (PGR student), Yin, W. (PI), Regan, A. (PGR student), Williams, K. (Researcher), Rana, S. (Researcher), Khalil, K. (PGR student), Hills, D. (PGR student), Whyte, C. (PGR student), Wang, C. (PGR student), Hodgskin-Brown, R. (PGR student), Dadkhahtehrani, F. (PGR student), Forster, S. (PGR student), Zhu, F. (PGR student), Yu, K. (PGR student), Xiong, L. (PGR student), Lu, T. (PGR student), Zhang, L. (PGR student), Lyu, R. (PGR student), Zhu, R. (PGR student), She, S. (PGR student), Meng, T. (PGR student), Pang, X. (PGR student), Zheng, X. (PGR student), Bai, X. (PGR student), Zou, X. (PGR student), Ding, Y. (PGR student), Shao, Y. (PGR student), Xia, Z. (PGR student), Zhang, Z. (PGR student), Khangerey, R. (PGR student) & Lawless, B. (Researcher)
1/10/04 → …
Project: Research

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title = "Lift-off invariant inductance of steels in multi-frequency eddy-current testing",

abstract = "Eddy current testing can be used to interrogate steels but it is hampered by the lift-off distance of the sensor. Previously, the lift-off point of intersection (LOI) feature has been found for the pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing. In this paper, a lift-off invariant inductance (LII) feature is proposed for the multi-frequency eddy current (MEC) testing, which merely targets the ferromagnetic steels. That is, at a certain working frequency, the measured inductance signal is found nearly immune to the lift-off distance of the sensor. Such working frequency and inductance are termed as the lift-off invariant frequency (LIF) and LII. Through simulations and experimental measurements of different steels under the multi-frequency manner, the LII has been verified to be merely related to the sensor parameters and independent of different steels. By referring to the LIF of the test piece and using an iterative inverse solver, one of the steel properties (either the electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability) can be reconstructed with a high accuracy.",

keywords = "Eddy current testing, Lift-off invariance, Multi-frequency, Non-destructive testing, Property measurement",

author = "Mingyang Lu and Xiaobai Meng and Ruochen Huang and Liming Chen and Anthony Peyton and Wuliang Yin",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by [ UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) ] [grant number: EP/P027237/1 ] [title: Real-time In-line Microstructural Engineering (RIME)]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

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AU - Lu, Mingyang

AU - Meng, Xiaobai

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AU - Chen, Liming

AU - Peyton, Anthony

AU - Yin, Wuliang

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by [ UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) ] [grant number: EP/P027237/1 ] [title: Real-time In-line Microstructural Engineering (RIME)]. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021/7/1

Y1 - 2021/7/1

N2 - Eddy current testing can be used to interrogate steels but it is hampered by the lift-off distance of the sensor. Previously, the lift-off point of intersection (LOI) feature has been found for the pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing. In this paper, a lift-off invariant inductance (LII) feature is proposed for the multi-frequency eddy current (MEC) testing, which merely targets the ferromagnetic steels. That is, at a certain working frequency, the measured inductance signal is found nearly immune to the lift-off distance of the sensor. Such working frequency and inductance are termed as the lift-off invariant frequency (LIF) and LII. Through simulations and experimental measurements of different steels under the multi-frequency manner, the LII has been verified to be merely related to the sensor parameters and independent of different steels. By referring to the LIF of the test piece and using an iterative inverse solver, one of the steel properties (either the electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability) can be reconstructed with a high accuracy.

AB - Eddy current testing can be used to interrogate steels but it is hampered by the lift-off distance of the sensor. Previously, the lift-off point of intersection (LOI) feature has been found for the pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing. In this paper, a lift-off invariant inductance (LII) feature is proposed for the multi-frequency eddy current (MEC) testing, which merely targets the ferromagnetic steels. That is, at a certain working frequency, the measured inductance signal is found nearly immune to the lift-off distance of the sensor. Such working frequency and inductance are termed as the lift-off invariant frequency (LIF) and LII. Through simulations and experimental measurements of different steels under the multi-frequency manner, the LII has been verified to be merely related to the sensor parameters and independent of different steels. By referring to the LIF of the test piece and using an iterative inverse solver, one of the steel properties (either the electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability) can be reconstructed with a high accuracy.

KW - Eddy current testing

KW - Lift-off invariance

KW - Multi-frequency

KW - Non-destructive testing

KW - Property measurement

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DO - 10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102458

M3 - Article

SN - 0963-8695

VL - 121

SP - 102458

JO - NDT & E International

JF - NDT & E International

M1 - 102458

ER -

Lift-off invariant inductance of steels in multi-frequency eddy-current testing

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