Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands

S. Narendranath; P. S. Athiray; P. Sreekumar; B. J. Kellett; L. Alha; C. J. Howe; K. H. Joy; M. Grande; J. Huovelin; I. A. Crawford; U. Unnikrishnan; S. Lalita; S. Subramaniam; S. Z. Weider; L. R. Nittler; O. Gasnault; D. Rothery; V. A. Fernandes; N. Bhandari; J. N. Goswami; M. A. Wieczorek

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands

S. Narendranath, P. S. Athiray, P. Sreekumar, B. J. Kellett, L. Alha, C. J. Howe, K. H. Joy, M. Grande, J. Huovelin, I. A. Crawford, U. Unnikrishnan, S. Lalita, S. Subramaniam, S. Z. Weider, L. R. Nittler, O. Gasnault, D. Rothery, V. A. Fernandes, N. Bhandari, J. N. GoswamiM. A. Wieczorek

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) flown on-board the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, measured X-ray fluorescence spectra during several episodes of solar flares during its operational period of ∼9. months. The accompanying X-ray Solar Monitor (XSM) provided simultaneous spectra of solar X-rays incident on the Moon which are essential to derive elemental chemistry. In this paper, we present the surface abundances of Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Fe, derived from C1XS data for a highland region on the southern nearside of the Moon. Analysis techniques are described in detail including absolute X-ray line flux derivation and conversion into elemental abundance. The results are consistent with a composition rich in plagioclase with a slight mafic mineral enhancement and a Ca/Al ratio that is significantly lower than measured in lunar returned samples. We suggest various possible scenarios to explain the deviations. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	53-66
Number of pages	13
Journal	Icarus
Volume	214
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010
Publication status	Published - Jul 2011

Keywords

Moon, Surface
Spectroscopy

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10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

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Narendranath, S., Athiray, P. S., Sreekumar, P., Kellett, B. J., Alha, L., Howe, C. J., Joy, K. H., Grande, M., Huovelin, J., Crawford, I. A., Unnikrishnan, U., Lalita, S., Subramaniam, S., Weider, S. Z., Nittler, L. R., Gasnault, O., Rothery, D., Fernandes, V. A., Bhandari, N., ... Wieczorek, M. A. (2011). Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands. Icarus, 214(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

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title = "Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands",

abstract = "The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) flown on-board the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, measured X-ray fluorescence spectra during several episodes of solar flares during its operational period of ∼9. months. The accompanying X-ray Solar Monitor (XSM) provided simultaneous spectra of solar X-rays incident on the Moon which are essential to derive elemental chemistry. In this paper, we present the surface abundances of Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Fe, derived from C1XS data for a highland region on the southern nearside of the Moon. Analysis techniques are described in detail including absolute X-ray line flux derivation and conversion into elemental abundance. The results are consistent with a composition rich in plagioclase with a slight mafic mineral enhancement and a Ca/Al ratio that is significantly lower than measured in lunar returned samples. We suggest various possible scenarios to explain the deviations. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier Inc.",

keywords = "Moon, Surface, Spectroscopy",

author = "S. Narendranath and Athiray, {P. S.} and P. Sreekumar and Kellett, {B. J.} and L. Alha and Howe, {C. J.} and Joy, {K. H.} and M. Grande and J. Huovelin and Crawford, {I. A.} and U. Unnikrishnan and S. Lalita and S. Subramaniam and Weider, {S. Z.} and Nittler, {L. R.} and O. Gasnault and D. Rothery and Fernandes, {V. A.} and N. Bhandari and Goswami, {J. N.} and Wieczorek, {M. A.}",

note = "Narendranath, S. Athiray, P. S. Sreekumar, P. Kellett, B. J. Alha, L. Howe, C. J. Joy, K. H. Grande, M. Huovelin, J. Crawford, I. A. Unnikrishnan, U. Lalita, S. Subramaniam, S. Weider, S. Z. Nittler, L. R. Gasnault, O. Rothery, D. Fernandes, V. A. Bhandari, N. Goswami, J. N. Wieczorek, M. A.",

year = "2011",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010",

language = "English",

volume = "214",

pages = "53--66",

journal = "Icarus",

issn = "0019-1035",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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Narendranath, S, Athiray, PS, Sreekumar, P, Kellett, BJ, Alha, L, Howe, CJ, Joy, KH, Grande, M, Huovelin, J, Crawford, IA, Unnikrishnan, U, Lalita, S, Subramaniam, S, Weider, SZ, Nittler, LR, Gasnault, O, Rothery, D, Fernandes, VA, Bhandari, N, Goswami, JN & Wieczorek, MA 2011, 'Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands', Icarus, vol. 214, no. 1, pp. 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

TY - JOUR

T1 - Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands

AU - Narendranath, S.

AU - Athiray, P. S.

AU - Sreekumar, P.

AU - Kellett, B. J.

AU - Alha, L.

AU - Howe, C. J.

AU - Joy, K. H.

AU - Grande, M.

AU - Huovelin, J.

AU - Crawford, I. A.

AU - Unnikrishnan, U.

AU - Lalita, S.

AU - Subramaniam, S.

AU - Weider, S. Z.

AU - Nittler, L. R.

AU - Gasnault, O.

AU - Rothery, D.

AU - Fernandes, V. A.

AU - Bhandari, N.

AU - Goswami, J. N.

AU - Wieczorek, M. A.

N1 - Narendranath, S. Athiray, P. S. Sreekumar, P. Kellett, B. J. Alha, L. Howe, C. J. Joy, K. H. Grande, M. Huovelin, J. Crawford, I. A. Unnikrishnan, U. Lalita, S. Subramaniam, S. Weider, S. Z. Nittler, L. R. Gasnault, O. Rothery, D. Fernandes, V. A. Bhandari, N. Goswami, J. N. Wieczorek, M. A.

PY - 2011/7

Y1 - 2011/7

N2 - The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) flown on-board the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, measured X-ray fluorescence spectra during several episodes of solar flares during its operational period of ∼9. months. The accompanying X-ray Solar Monitor (XSM) provided simultaneous spectra of solar X-rays incident on the Moon which are essential to derive elemental chemistry. In this paper, we present the surface abundances of Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Fe, derived from C1XS data for a highland region on the southern nearside of the Moon. Analysis techniques are described in detail including absolute X-ray line flux derivation and conversion into elemental abundance. The results are consistent with a composition rich in plagioclase with a slight mafic mineral enhancement and a Ca/Al ratio that is significantly lower than measured in lunar returned samples. We suggest various possible scenarios to explain the deviations. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

AB - The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) flown on-board the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, measured X-ray fluorescence spectra during several episodes of solar flares during its operational period of ∼9. months. The accompanying X-ray Solar Monitor (XSM) provided simultaneous spectra of solar X-rays incident on the Moon which are essential to derive elemental chemistry. In this paper, we present the surface abundances of Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Fe, derived from C1XS data for a highland region on the southern nearside of the Moon. Analysis techniques are described in detail including absolute X-ray line flux derivation and conversion into elemental abundance. The results are consistent with a composition rich in plagioclase with a slight mafic mineral enhancement and a Ca/Al ratio that is significantly lower than measured in lunar returned samples. We suggest various possible scenarios to explain the deviations. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

KW - Moon, Surface

KW - Spectroscopy

U2 - 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

DO - 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.04.010

M3 - Article

SN - 0019-1035

VL - 214

SP - 53

EP - 66

JO - Icarus

JF - Icarus

IS - 1

ER -

Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS): Results from the nearside southern highlands

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