TY - JOUR
T1 - Management and outcomes of patients with extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms and brain metastases
AU - Kapacee, Zainul Abedin
AU - Allison, Jennifer
AU - Dawod, Mohammed
AU - Frizziero, Melissa
AU - Chakrabarty, Bipasha
AU - Manoharan, Prakash
AU - McBain, Catherine
AU - Mansoor, Was
AU - Lamarca, Angela
AU - Hubner, Richard
AU - Valle, Juan
AU - Mcnamara, Mairead G.
PY - 2022/7/13
Y1 - 2022/7/13
N2 - Background: Brain metastases (BMs) in patients with extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (EP-NENs) are rare and limited clinical information is available. The aim of this study was to detail the clinicopathological features, management and outcomes in patients with EP-NENs that developed BMs. Methods: A retrospective single-centre analysis of consecutive patients with EP-NENs (Aug 2004-Feb 2020) was conducted. Median overall survival (OS)/survival from BMs diagnosis was estimated (Kaplan Meier). Results: Of 730 patients, 17 (1.9%) had BMs, median age 61 years (range 15-77); 8 (53%) male, unknown primary NEN site: 40%. Patients with BMs had grade 3 (G3) EP-NENs 11 (73%), G2: 3 (20%), G1: 1 (7%). Eight (53%) had poorly-differentiated NENs, 6 well-differentiated and 1 not recorded. Two (13%) patients had synchronous BMs at diagnosis, whilst 13 (87%) developed BMs metachronously. The relative risk of developing BMs was 7.48 in patients G3 disease vs G1+G2 disease (p=0.0001). Median time to development of BMs after NEN diagnosis: 15.9 months (range 2.5-139.5). Five patients had a solitary BM, 12 had multiple BMs. Treatment of BMs were surgery (n=3); radiotherapy (n=5); 4: whole brain radiotherapy, 1: conformal radiotherapy (orbit). Nine (53%) had best supportive care. Median OS from NEN diagnosis was 23.6 months [95%-CI 15.2-31.3]; median time to death from BMs diagnosis was 3.0 months [95%-CI 0.0-8.3]. Conclusion: BMs in patients with EP-NENs are rare and of increased risk in G3 vs G1+G2 EP-NENs. Survival outcomes are poor and a greater understanding is needed to improve therapeutic outcomes.
AB - Background: Brain metastases (BMs) in patients with extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (EP-NENs) are rare and limited clinical information is available. The aim of this study was to detail the clinicopathological features, management and outcomes in patients with EP-NENs that developed BMs. Methods: A retrospective single-centre analysis of consecutive patients with EP-NENs (Aug 2004-Feb 2020) was conducted. Median overall survival (OS)/survival from BMs diagnosis was estimated (Kaplan Meier). Results: Of 730 patients, 17 (1.9%) had BMs, median age 61 years (range 15-77); 8 (53%) male, unknown primary NEN site: 40%. Patients with BMs had grade 3 (G3) EP-NENs 11 (73%), G2: 3 (20%), G1: 1 (7%). Eight (53%) had poorly-differentiated NENs, 6 well-differentiated and 1 not recorded. Two (13%) patients had synchronous BMs at diagnosis, whilst 13 (87%) developed BMs metachronously. The relative risk of developing BMs was 7.48 in patients G3 disease vs G1+G2 disease (p=0.0001). Median time to development of BMs after NEN diagnosis: 15.9 months (range 2.5-139.5). Five patients had a solitary BM, 12 had multiple BMs. Treatment of BMs were surgery (n=3); radiotherapy (n=5); 4: whole brain radiotherapy, 1: conformal radiotherapy (orbit). Nine (53%) had best supportive care. Median OS from NEN diagnosis was 23.6 months [95%-CI 15.2-31.3]; median time to death from BMs diagnosis was 3.0 months [95%-CI 0.0-8.3]. Conclusion: BMs in patients with EP-NENs are rare and of increased risk in G3 vs G1+G2 EP-NENs. Survival outcomes are poor and a greater understanding is needed to improve therapeutic outcomes.
M3 - Article
SN - 1198-0052
JO - Current Oncology
JF - Current Oncology
ER -
