Measuring glitch recoveries and braking indices with Bayesian model selection

Y Liu, M J Keith, D Antonopoulou, P Weltevrede, B Shaw, B W Stappers, A G Lyne, M B Mickaliger, A Basu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

For a selection of 35 pulsars with large spin-up glitches ( & Delta;ν/ν ≥ 10 -6), which are monitored by the Jodrell Bank Observatory, we analyse 157 glitches and their recoveries. All parameters are measured consistently and we choose the best model to describe the post-glitch recovery based on Bayesian evidence. We present updated glitch epochs, sizes, changes of spin down rate, exponentially recovering components (amplitude and corresponding time-scale) when present, as well as pulsars' second frequency derivatives and their glitch-associated changes if detected. We discuss the different observed styles of post-glitch recovery as well as some particularly interesting sources. Several correlations are revealed between glitch parameters and pulsar spin parameters, including a very strong correlation between a pulsar's interglitch |ν¨| and ν˙, as well as between the glitch-induced spin-down rate change Δν˙ p that does not relax exponentially and ν˙. We find that the ratio | & Delta;ν˙ p/ν¨| can be used as an estimate of glitch recurrence times, especially for those pulsars for which there are indications of a characteristic glitch size and interglitch waiting time. We calculate the interglitch braking index n and find that pulsars with large glitches typically have n greater than 3, suggesting that internal torques dominate the rotational evolution between glitches. The external torque, for example, from electromagnetic dipole radiation, could dominate the observed ν¨ for the youngest pulsars (≲10 4 yr), which may be expected to display n ∼ 3.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)859-882
Number of pages24
JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume532
Issue number1
Early online date17 Jun 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2 Jul 2024

Keywords

  • methods: data analysis
  • methods: statistical
  • pulsars: general
  • stars: neutron

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