TY - JOUR
T1 - Metal ions and graphene-based compounds as alternative treatment options for burn wounds infected by antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
AU - Karaky, Nathalie
AU - Kirby, Andrew
AU - Mcbain, Andrew J.
AU - Butler, Jonathan A.
AU - El Mohtadi, Mohamed
AU - Banks, Craig E.
AU - Whitehead, Kathryn A.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Burn infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa pose a major complication in wound healing. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of metal ions, graphene (Gr) and graphene oxide (GO), individually and in combination, against the planktonic and biofilm states of two antimicrobially resistant clinical strains of P. aeruginosa each with different antibiotic resistance profiles. Minimum inhibitory, minimum bactericidal and fractional inhibitory concentrations were performed to determine the efficacy of the metal ions and graphene composites individually and their synergy in combination. Crystal violet biofilm and XTT assays measured the biofilm inhibition and metabolic activity, respectively. Molybdenum, platinum, tin, gold and palladium ions exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activity (MIC =7.8-26.0 mg/L) whilst GO and Gr demonstrated moderate to no effect against the planktonic bacterial cells, irrespective of their antibiograms. Biofilms were inhibited by zinc, palladium, silver and graphene. In combination, silver-graphene and molybdenum-graphene inhibited both the planktonic and biofilm forms of the bacteria making them potential candidates for development into topical antimicrobials for burns patients infected with antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa.
AB - Burn infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa pose a major complication in wound healing. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of metal ions, graphene (Gr) and graphene oxide (GO), individually and in combination, against the planktonic and biofilm states of two antimicrobially resistant clinical strains of P. aeruginosa each with different antibiotic resistance profiles. Minimum inhibitory, minimum bactericidal and fractional inhibitory concentrations were performed to determine the efficacy of the metal ions and graphene composites individually and their synergy in combination. Crystal violet biofilm and XTT assays measured the biofilm inhibition and metabolic activity, respectively. Molybdenum, platinum, tin, gold and palladium ions exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activity (MIC =7.8-26.0 mg/L) whilst GO and Gr demonstrated moderate to no effect against the planktonic bacterial cells, irrespective of their antibiograms. Biofilms were inhibited by zinc, palladium, silver and graphene. In combination, silver-graphene and molybdenum-graphene inhibited both the planktonic and biofilm forms of the bacteria making them potential candidates for development into topical antimicrobials for burns patients infected with antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa.
KW - Graphene graphene oxide
KW - metal ions
KW - antibiotic resistance
KW - burns
KW - P. aeruginosa
U2 - 10.1007/s00203-019-01803-z
DO - 10.1007/s00203-019-01803-z
M3 - Article
SN - 0302-8933
JO - Archives of Microbiology
JF - Archives of Microbiology
ER -