MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer

Hui Ming Lin; Iva Nikolic; Jessica Yang; Lesley Castillo; Niantao Deng; Chia Ling Chan; Nicole K. Yeung; Eoin Dodson; Benjamin Elsworth; Calan Spielman; Brian Y. Lee; Zoe Boyer; Kaylene J. Simpson; Roger J. Daly; Lisa G. Horvath; Alexander Swarbrick

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26050-y

MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer

Hui Ming Lin, Iva Nikolic, Jessica Yang, Lesley Castillo, Niantao Deng, Chia Ling Chan, Nicole K. Yeung, Eoin Dodson, Benjamin Elsworth, Calan Spielman, Brian Y. Lee, Zoe Boyer, Kaylene J. Simpson, Roger J. Daly, Lisa G. Horvath^*, Alexander Swarbrick

^*Corresponding author for this work

Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are taxane chemotherapy treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, therapeutic resistance remains a major issue. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that can silence multiple genes, regulating several signalling pathways simultaneously. Therefore, synthetic microRNAs may have therapeutic potential in CRPC by regulating genes involved in taxane response and minimise compensatory mechanisms that cause taxane resistance. To identify microRNAs that can improve the efficacy of taxanes in CRPC, we performed a genome-wide screen of 1280 microRNAs in the CRPC cell lines PC3 and DU145 in combination with docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment. Mimics of miR-217 and miR-181b-5p enhanced apoptosis significantly in PC3 cells in the presence of these taxanes. These mimics downregulated at least a thousand different transcripts, which were enriched for genes with cell proliferation and focal adhesion functions. Individual knockdown of a selection of 46 genes representing these transcripts resulted in toxic or taxane sensitisation effects, indicating that these genes may be mediating the effects of the microRNA mimics. A range of these genes are expressed in CRPC metastases, suggesting that these microRNA mimics may be functional in CRPC. With further development, these microRNA mimics may have therapeutic potential to improve taxane response in CRPC patients.

Original language	English
Article number	7820
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26050-y
Publication status	Published - 18 May 2018

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Lin, H. M., Nikolic, I., Yang, J., Castillo, L., Deng, N., Chan, C. L., Yeung, N. K., Dodson, E., Elsworth, B., Spielman, C., Lee, B. Y., Boyer, Z., Simpson, K. J., Daly, R. J., Horvath, L. G., & Swarbrick, A. (2018). MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 7820. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26050-y

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title = "MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer",

abstract = "Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are taxane chemotherapy treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, therapeutic resistance remains a major issue. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that can silence multiple genes, regulating several signalling pathways simultaneously. Therefore, synthetic microRNAs may have therapeutic potential in CRPC by regulating genes involved in taxane response and minimise compensatory mechanisms that cause taxane resistance. To identify microRNAs that can improve the efficacy of taxanes in CRPC, we performed a genome-wide screen of 1280 microRNAs in the CRPC cell lines PC3 and DU145 in combination with docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment. Mimics of miR-217 and miR-181b-5p enhanced apoptosis significantly in PC3 cells in the presence of these taxanes. These mimics downregulated at least a thousand different transcripts, which were enriched for genes with cell proliferation and focal adhesion functions. Individual knockdown of a selection of 46 genes representing these transcripts resulted in toxic or taxane sensitisation effects, indicating that these genes may be mediating the effects of the microRNA mimics. A range of these genes are expressed in CRPC metastases, suggesting that these microRNA mimics may be functional in CRPC. With further development, these microRNA mimics may have therapeutic potential to improve taxane response in CRPC patients.",

author = "Lin, {Hui Ming} and Iva Nikolic and Jessica Yang and Lesley Castillo and Niantao Deng and Chan, {Chia Ling} and Yeung, {Nicole K.} and Eoin Dodson and Benjamin Elsworth and Calan Spielman and Lee, {Brian Y.} and Zoe Boyer and Simpson, {Kaylene J.} and Daly, {Roger J.} and Horvath, {Lisa G.} and Alexander Swarbrick",

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AU - Lin, Hui Ming

AU - Nikolic, Iva

AU - Yang, Jessica

AU - Castillo, Lesley

AU - Deng, Niantao

AU - Chan, Chia Ling

AU - Yeung, Nicole K.

AU - Dodson, Eoin

AU - Elsworth, Benjamin

AU - Spielman, Calan

AU - Lee, Brian Y.

AU - Boyer, Zoe

AU - Simpson, Kaylene J.

AU - Daly, Roger J.

AU - Horvath, Lisa G.

AU - Swarbrick, Alexander

PY - 2018/5/18

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N2 - Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are taxane chemotherapy treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, therapeutic resistance remains a major issue. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that can silence multiple genes, regulating several signalling pathways simultaneously. Therefore, synthetic microRNAs may have therapeutic potential in CRPC by regulating genes involved in taxane response and minimise compensatory mechanisms that cause taxane resistance. To identify microRNAs that can improve the efficacy of taxanes in CRPC, we performed a genome-wide screen of 1280 microRNAs in the CRPC cell lines PC3 and DU145 in combination with docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment. Mimics of miR-217 and miR-181b-5p enhanced apoptosis significantly in PC3 cells in the presence of these taxanes. These mimics downregulated at least a thousand different transcripts, which were enriched for genes with cell proliferation and focal adhesion functions. Individual knockdown of a selection of 46 genes representing these transcripts resulted in toxic or taxane sensitisation effects, indicating that these genes may be mediating the effects of the microRNA mimics. A range of these genes are expressed in CRPC metastases, suggesting that these microRNA mimics may be functional in CRPC. With further development, these microRNA mimics may have therapeutic potential to improve taxane response in CRPC patients.

AB - Docetaxel and cabazitaxel are taxane chemotherapy treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, therapeutic resistance remains a major issue. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that can silence multiple genes, regulating several signalling pathways simultaneously. Therefore, synthetic microRNAs may have therapeutic potential in CRPC by regulating genes involved in taxane response and minimise compensatory mechanisms that cause taxane resistance. To identify microRNAs that can improve the efficacy of taxanes in CRPC, we performed a genome-wide screen of 1280 microRNAs in the CRPC cell lines PC3 and DU145 in combination with docetaxel or cabazitaxel treatment. Mimics of miR-217 and miR-181b-5p enhanced apoptosis significantly in PC3 cells in the presence of these taxanes. These mimics downregulated at least a thousand different transcripts, which were enriched for genes with cell proliferation and focal adhesion functions. Individual knockdown of a selection of 46 genes representing these transcripts resulted in toxic or taxane sensitisation effects, indicating that these genes may be mediating the effects of the microRNA mimics. A range of these genes are expressed in CRPC metastases, suggesting that these microRNA mimics may be functional in CRPC. With further development, these microRNA mimics may have therapeutic potential to improve taxane response in CRPC patients.

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MicroRNAs as potential therapeutics to enhance chemosensitivity in advanced prostate cancer

Abstract

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