Mineralizer constraint on gold mineralization of Ailaoshan gold belt

After determining that sulfur is the main mineralizer of ore-forming fluid of Ailaoshan gold mineralization belt in west Yunnan Province of China, the S, He and Ar isotope compositions and geological events related to gold mineralization are studied. It is revealed that the ore-forming fluid of the belt is a mixture of high temperature S-rich deep-seated fluid and low-temperature S-depleted meteoroic groundwater. That the gold mineralization occurred in early Himalayan period resultetd dominantly from the mantle degassing which was associated with the crust extension at that time. The forming and revolving process of ore-forming fluid can be determined as: S-rich deep-seated fluid ascended and added to S-depleted meteogenic fluid cycling in shallow fracture systems of the belt in early Himalayan period → the S-depleted meteogenic fluid converted to the mixing fluid containing sufficient S → gold in surrounding rocks was extracted by the mixing fluid, and then precipitated at a suitable place to form the gold deposits.