Novel loci for adiponectin levels and their influence on type 2 diabetes and metabolic traits: A multi-ethnic meta-analysis of 45,891 individuals

Zari Dastani, Marie France Hivert, Nicholas Timpson, Robert A. Scott, Jorge R. Kizer, Leo Pekka Lyytikäinen, Christian Fuchsberger, Kerrin Small, Marian Beekman, Stefan Coassin, Kurt Lohman, Hae Won Uh, Ying Wu, Aurelian Bidulescu, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Celia M T Greenwood, Martin Ladouceur, Jonna Grimsby, Ching Ti Liu, Jaspal KoonerKaren A. Kapur, Ko Willems-vanDijk, Sara M. Willems, Thomas W. Winkler, Russell P. Tracy, Jennifer Brody, Ida Chen, Jorma Viikari, Mika Kähönen, David M. Evans, Beate St. Pourcain, Naveed Sattar, Andrew R. Wood, Olga D. Carlson, Stefan Böhringer, Diana van Heemst, Lyudmyla Kedenko, Kati Kristiansson, Marja Liisa Nuotio, Britt Marie Loo, Tamara Harris, Melissa Garcia, Alka Kanaya, Margot Haun, Efi Katsareli, Bruce B. Duncan, Margreet Kloppenburg, Judith B. Borja, Solomon Musani, Robert Semple, Matthew A. Allison, Susan Redline, Sarah G. Buxbaum, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Yongmei Liu, Bernhard Paulweber, P. Eline Slagboom, Olli Raitakari, Johan G. Eriksson, Terho Lehtimäki, Cornelia van Duijn, Josee Dupuis, J. Brent Richards, Ryan P. Welch, Cornelia Huth, Teresa Ferreira, Najaf Amin, Guanming Wu, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Steve A. McCarroll, Oliver M. Hofmann, Ayellet V. Segrè, Roza Blagieva, Kristina Bengtsson Boström, Bert Bravenboer, Suzannah Bumpstead, Noël P. Burtt, David J. Couper, Katherine S. Elliott, Martha Ganser, Todd Green, Simon Griffin, Wen H L Kao, Norman Klopp, Peter Kraft, Torsten Lauritzen, Aloysius Lieverse, Michel Marre, Kristian Midthjell, Narisu Narisu, Peter Nilsson, Katharine R. Owen, Ann Kristin Petersen, Carl Platou, Christine Proença, N. William Rayner, Neil R. Robertson, Klaus Strassburger, Qi Sun, Rob M. van Dam, Timon W. van Haeften, Thijs van Herpt, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Cisca Wijmenga, Jacqueline Witteman, Stephane Cauchi, Winston A. Hide, Graham A. Hitman, David J. Hunter, Kristian Hveem, Colin N A Palmer, Eric Sijbrands, Lincoln D. Stein, Andre Uitterlinden, Mark Walker, Bernhard O. Boehm, Mark J. Daly, Frank B. Hu, Rob Sladek, Josée Dupuis, Inga Prokopenko, Richa Saxena, Anne U. Jackson, Eleanor Wheeler, Nicole L. Glazer, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Anna L. Gloyn, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Reedik Mägi, Joshua Randall, Denis Rybin, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Peter Henneman, Harald Grallert, Abbas Dehghan, Christopher S. Franklin, Pau Navarro, Anuj Goel, John R B Perry, Josephine M. Egan, Taina Lajunen, Niels Grarup, Thomas Sparsø, Alex Doney, Man Li, Stavroula Kanoni, Peter Shrader, Christine Cavalcanti-Proença, Meena Kumari, Lu Qi, Nicholas J. Timpson, Carina Zabena, Ghislain Rocheleau, Ping An, Jeffrey O'Connell, Amanda Elliott, Steven A. McCarroll, Felicity Payne, Rosa Maria Roccasecca, François Pattou, Praveen Sethupathy, Kristin Ardlie, Yavuz Ariyurek, Beverley Balkau, Philip Barter, John P. Beilby, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Rafn Benediktsson, Amanda J. Bennett, Sven Bergmann, Murielle Bochud, Amélie Bonnefond, Knut Borch-Johnsen, Yvonne Böttcher, Eric Brunner, Suzannah J. Bumpstead, Guillaume Charpentier, Yii Der Ida Chen, Peter Chines, Robert Clarke, Lachlan J M Coin, Matthew N. Cooper, Marilyn Cornelis, Gabe Crawford, Laura Crisponi, Ian N M Day, Jerome Delplanque, Christian Dina, Michael R. Erdos, Annette C. Fedson, Antje Fischer-Rosinsky, Nita G. Forouhi, Caroline S. Fox, Rune Frants, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Pilar Galan, Mark O. Goodarzi, Jürgen Graessler, Christopher J. Groves, Scott Grundy, Rhian Gwilliam, Samy Hadjadj, Göran Hallmans, Naomi Hammond, Xijing Han, Anna Liisa Hartikainen, Neelam Hassanali, Simon C. Heath, Serge Hercberg, Christian Herder, David R. Hillman, Aroon D. Hingorani, Jennie Hui, Joe Hung, Bo Isomaa, Paul R V Johnson, Torben Jørgensen, Antti Jula, Marika Kaakinen, Y. Antero Kesaniemi, Mika Kivimaki, Beatrice Knight, Seppo Koskinen, Peter Kovacs, G. Mark Lathrop, Debbie A. Lawlor, Olivier Le Bacquer, Cécile Lecoeur, Yun Li, Valeriya Lyssenko, Robert Mahley, Alisa K. Manning, María Teresa Martínez-Larrad, Jarred B. McAteer, Laura J. McCulloch, Christa Meisinger, David Melzer, David Meyre, Braxton D. Mitchell, Mario A. Morken, Sutapa Mukherjee, Silvia Naitza, Matthew J. Neville, Marco Orrù, Ruth Pakyz, Colin Na Palmer, Giuseppe Paolisso, Daniel Pearson, John F. Peden, Andreas F H Pfeiffer, Ozren Polasek, Danielle Posthuma, Simon C. Potter, Anneli Pouta, Michael A. Province, Wolfgang Rathmann, Nigel W. Rayner, Kenneth Rice, Fernando Rivadeneira, Michael Roden, Olov Rolandsson, Annelli Sandbaek, Manjinder Sandhu, Avan Aihie Sayer, Paul Scheet, Laura J. Scott, Udo Seedorf, Stephen J. Sharp, Beverley Shields, Gunnar Sigurdsson, Eric J S Sijbrands, Angela Silveira, Laila Simpson, Andrew Singleton, Nicholas L. Smith, Ulla Sovio, Amy Swift, Holly Syddall, Ann Christine Syvänen, Barbara Thorand, Jean Tichet, Anke Tönjes, Tiinamaija Tuomi, André G. Uitterlinden, Ko Willems van Dijk, Mandy van Hoek, Dhiraj Varma, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Nicole Vogelzangs, Peter J. Wagner, Andrew Walley, G. Bragi Walters, Kim L. Ward, Hugh Watkins, Michael N. Weedon, Sarah H. Wild, Jaqueline C M Witteman, John W G Yarnell, Eleftheria Zeggini, Diana Zelenika, Björn Zethelius, Guangju Zhai, M. Carola Zillikens, Pierre Meneton, David M. Nathan, Gordon H. Williams, Andrew T. Hattersley, George Davey Smith, Stefan R. Bornstein, Peter Schwarz, Joachim Spranger, Fredrik Karpe, Alan R. Shuldiner, Cyrus Cooper, George V. Dedoussis, Manuel Serrano-Ríos, Andrew D. Morris, Lars Lind, Lyle J. Palmer, Frank B. Hul, Paul W. Franks, Shah Ebrahim, Michael Marmot, W. H. Linda Kao, James S. Pankow, Michael J. Sampson, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Peter Paul Pramstaller, Thomas Illig, Michael Stumvoll, Benjamin F. Voigh, Thomas A. Buchanan, Timo T. Valle, David S. Siscovick, Panos Deloukas, Timothy D. Spector, Timothy M. Frayling, Augustine Kong, Antonio Cao, Goncalo R. Abecasis, Robert Sladek, Philippe Froguel, Richard M. Watanabe, James B. Meigs, Leif Groop, Jose C. Florez, Tanya M. Teslovich, Kiran Musunuru, Albert V. Smith, Andrew C. Edmondson, Ioannis M. Stylianou, Masahiro Koseki, James P. Pirruccello, Samuli Ripatti, Daniel I. Chasman, Cristen J. Willer, Christopher T. Johansen, Sigrid W. Fouchier, Aaron Isaacs, Gina M. Peloso, Maja Barbalic, Sally L. Ricketts, Joshua C. Bis, Yurii S. Aulchenko, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Mary F. Feitosa, John Chambers, Marju Orho-Melander, Olle Melander, Toby Johnson, Xiaohui Li, Xiuqing Guo, Mingyao Li, Yoon Shin Cho, Min Jin Go, Young Jin Kim, Jong Young Lee, Taesung Park, Kyunga Kim, Xueling Sim, Rick Twee Hee Ong, Croteau Chonka Damien, Leslie A. Lange, Joshua D. Smith, Kijoung Song, Jing Hua Zhao, Xin Yuan, Jian'an Luan, Claudia Lamina, Andreas Ziegler, Weihua Zhang, Robert Y L Zee, Alan F. Wright, Jacqueline C M Witteman, James F. Wilson, Gonneke Willemsen, H. Erich Wichmann, John B. Whitfield, Dawn M. Waterworth, Nicholas J. Wareham, Gérard Waeber, Peter Vollenweider, Benjamin F. Voight, Veronique Vitart, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Manuela Uda, Jaakko Tuomilehto, John R. Thompson, Toshiko Tanaka, Ida Surakka, Heather M. Stringham, Tim D. Spector, Nicole Soranzo, Johannes H. Smit, Juha Sinisalo, Kaisa Silander, Eric J G Sijbrands, Angelo Scuteri, James Scott, David Schlessinger, Serena Sanna, Veikko Salomaa, Juha Saharinen, Chiara Sabatti, Aimo Ruokonen, Igor Rudan, Lynda M. Rose, Robert Roberts, Mark Rieder, Bruce M. Psaty, Peter P. Pramstaller, Irene Pichler, Markus Perola, Brenda W J H Penninx, Nancy L. Pedersen, Cristian Pattaro, Alex N. Parker, Guillaume Pare, Ben A. Oostra, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Markku S. Nieminen, Deborah A. Nickerson, Grant W. Montgomery, Thomas Meitinger, Ruth McPherson, Mark I. McCarthy, Wendy McArdle, David Masson, Nicholas G. Martin, Fabio Marroni, Massimo Mangino, Patrik K E Magnusson, Gavin Lucas, Robert Luben, Ruth J F Loos, Marja Liisa Lokki, Guillaume Lettre, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J. Launer, Edward G. Lakatta, Reijo Laaksonen, Kirsten O. Kyvik, Florian Kronenberg, Inke R. König, Kay Tee Khaw, Jaakko Kaprio, Lee M. Kaplan, Åsa Johansson, Marjo Riitta Jarvelin, A. Cecile J W Janssens, Erik Ingelsson, Wilmar Igl, G. Kees Hovingh, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Albert Hofman, Andrew A. Hicks, Christian Hengstenberg, Iris M. Heid, Caroline Hayward, Aki S. Havulinna, Nicholas D. Hastie, Tamara B. Harris, Talin Haritunians, Alistair S. Hall, Ulf Gyllensten, Candace Guiducci, Leif C. Groop, Elena Gonzalez, Christian Gieger, Nelson B. Freimer, Luigi Ferrucci, Jeanette Erdmann, Paul Elliott, Kenechi G. Ejebe, Angela Döring, Anna F. Dominiczak, Serkalem Demissie, Panagiotis Deloukas, Eco J C de Geus, Ulf de Faire, Gabriel Crawford, Francis S. Collins, Yii Der I Chen, Mark J. Caulfield, Harry Campbell, Noel P. Burtt, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Dorret I. Boomsma, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Richard N. Bergman, Inês Barroso, Stefania Bandinelli, Christie M. Ballantyne, Themistocles L. Assimes, Thomas Quertermous, David Altshuler, Mark Seielstad, Tien Y. Wong, E. Shyong Tai, Alan B. Feranil, Christopher W. Kuzawa, Linda S. Adair, Herman A. Taylor, Ingrid B. Borecki, Stacey B. Gabriel, James G. Wilson, Hilma Holm, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ronald M. Krauss, Karen L. Mohlke, Jose M. Ordovas, Patricia B. Munroe, Jaspal S. Kooner, Alan R. Tall, Robert A. Hegele, John J P Kastelein, Eric E. Schadt, Jerome I. Rotter, Eric Boerwinkle, David P. Strachan, Vincent Mooser, Kari Stefansson, Muredach P. Reilly, Nilesh J. Samani, Heribert Schunkert, L. Adrienne Cupples, Manjinder S. Sandhu, Paulm M. Ridker, Daniel J. Rader, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Leena Peltonen, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Michael Boehnke, Sekar Kathiresan, Andrew Morris

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Circulating levels of adiponectin, a hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes, are highly heritable and are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other metabolic traits. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 39,883 individuals of European ancestry to identify genes associated with metabolic disease. We identified 8 novel loci associated with adiponectin levels and confirmed 2 previously reported loci (P = 4.5×10-8-1.2×10-43). Using a novel method to combine data across ethnicities (N = 4,232 African Americans, N = 1,776 Asians, and N = 29,347 Europeans), we identified two additional novel loci. Expression analyses of 436 human adipocyte samples revealed that mRNA levels of 18 genes at candidate regions were associated with adiponectin concentrations after accounting for multiple testing (p&3×10-4). We next developed a multi-SNP genotypic risk score to test the association of adiponectin decreasing risk alleles on metabolic traits and diseases using consortia-level meta-analytic data. This risk score was associated with increased risk of T2D (p = 4.3×10-3, n = 22,044), increased triglycerides (p = 2.6×10-14, n = 93,440), increased waist-to-hip ratio (p = 1.8×10-5, n = 77,167), increased glucose two hours post oral glucose tolerance testing (p = 4.4×10-3, n = 15,234), increased fasting insulin (p = 0.015, n = 48,238), but with lower in HDL-cholesterol concentrations (p = 4.5×10-13, n = 96,748) and decreased BMI (p = 1.4×10-4, n = 121,335). These findings identify novel genetic determinants of adiponectin levels, which, taken together, influence risk of T2D and markers of insulin resistance. © 2012 Dastani et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere1002607
JournalPL o S Genetics
Volume8
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2012

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