@article{e6b7e8d2006046229bce970b3535236e,
title = "Ophthalmology Going Greener: A Narrative Review",
abstract = "The combined effects of fossil fuel combustion, mass agricultural production and deforestation, industrialisation and the evolution of modern transport systems have resulted in high levels of carbon emissions and accumulation of greenhouse gases, causing profound climate change and ozone layer depletion. The consequential depletion of Earth's natural ecosystems and biodiversity is not only a devastating loss but a threat to human health. Sustainability-the ability to continue activities indefinitely-underpins the principal solutions to these problems. Globally, the healthcare sector is a major contributor to carbon emissions, with waste production and transport systems being amongst the highest contributing factors. The aim of this review is to explore modalities by which the healthcare sector, particularly ophthalmology, can reduce carbon emissions, related costs and overall environmental impact, whilst maintaining a high standard of patient care.",
keywords = "Artificial intelligence, Cataracts, Peripheral hubs, Sustainability, Teleophthalmology",
author = "Wong, {Yee Ling} and Maha Noor and James, {Katherine L} and Aslam, {Tariq M}",
note = "Funding Information: No funding or sponsorship was received for this study or the publication of this article. All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this article, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given their approval for this version to be published. Yee Ling Wong was involved in the conception and the first draft of the manuscript. Yee Ling Wong, Maha Noor, Katie L James and Tariq M Aslam contributed to the final version of the manuscript. Yee Ling Wong, Maha Noor, Katie L James and Tariq M Aslam were involved in revising, critically appraising and final approval of the manuscript. Yee Ling Wong, Maha Noor and Katie L James declare that they have no personal, financial, commercial, or academic conflict of interest. Tariq M Aslam?s declarations of interest: Grant Funding, Personal fees from Bayer, Novartis, Thea Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Bausch and Laumb, Canon, Topcon, Heidelberg. Medical advisor to Give Vison. Founder and director, Clin-e-cal. Member of the?Green Party. This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1007/s40123-021-00404-8",
language = "English",
volume = "10",
pages = "845--857",
journal = "Ophthalmology and therapy",
issn = "2193-8245",
publisher = "Springer London",
number = "4",
}
