Optimisation of Scanning Difference Pattern and Monopulse Feed

Certain radar applications may require maintaining the difference pattern slope and twin beam shape, while main null is scanning in the presence of mutual coupling. It is also desirable in monopulse radar applications to be able to generate acceptable sum and difference patterns using single simplified feed structure. This paper focuses on these problems and provides a solution based on Intelligent z-Plane Boundary Condition-Particle Swarm Optimiser (IzBC-PSO) to compensate for the difference pattern degradation while scanning a small coupled array (N=8). In second case, a simplified feed is proposed that only requires phase flip for 50% of elements to produce sum and difference patterns for the monopulse array, consisting of isotropic elements.