Periodontal therapy and treatment of hypertension-alternative to the pharmacological approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shiv Sharma, Swathi Sridhar, Alasdair McIntosh, Claudia-Martina Messow, Eva Munoz Aguilera, Rita Del Pinto, Davide Pietropaoli, Renata Gorska, Mateusz Siedlinski, Pasquale Maffia, Maciej Tomaszewski, Tomasz J Guzik, Francesco D'Aiuto, Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

AIM: Quantitative comparison of the effects of intensive (IPT) or conventional (CPT) periodontal treatment on arterial blood pressure, endothelial function and inflammatory/metabolic biomarkers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) of IPT (supra and subgingival instrumentation). Eight RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Difference in change of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) before and after IPT or CPT were the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes included: endothelial function and selected inflammatory/anti-inflammatory (CRP, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ) and metabolic biomarkers (HDL, LDL, TGs).

RESULTS: The overall effect estimates (pooled Weighted Mean Difference (WMD)) of the primary outcome for SBP and DBP was -4.3 mmHg [95%CI: -9.10-0.48], p = 0.08 and -3.16 mmHg [95%CI: -6.51-0.19], p = 0.06 respectively. These studies were characterized by high heterogeneity. Therefore, random effects model for meta-analysis was performed. Sub-group analyses confirmed statistically significant reduction in SBP [WMD = -11.41 mmHg (95%CI: -13.66, -9.15) P < 0.00001] and DBP [WMD = -8.43 mmHg (95%CI: -10.96,-5.91)P < 0.00001] after IPT vs CPT among prehypertensive/hypertensive patients, while this was not observed in normotensive individuals. The meta-analyses showed significant reductions in CRP and improvement of endothelial function following IPT at all analysed timepoints.

CONCLUSIONS: IPT leads to improvement of the cardiovascular health in hypertensive and prehypertensive individuals.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)105511
JournalPharmacological Research
Volume166
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2021

Keywords

  • Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use
  • Blood Pressure/drug effects
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Humans
  • Hypertension/etiology
  • Periodontitis/complications

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Periodontal therapy and treatment of hypertension-alternative to the pharmacological approach. A systematic review and meta-analysis'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this