TY - JOUR
T1 - Radio jets in NGC 1068 with e-MERLIN and VLA
T2 - Structure and morphology
AU - Mutie, Isaac M.
AU - Williams-Baldwin, David
AU - Beswick, Robert
AU - Bempong-Manful, Emmanuel K.
AU - Baki, Paul O.
AU - Muxlow, Thomas
AU - Gallimore, Jack F.
AU - Aalto, Susanne E.
AU - Dullo, Bililign T.
AU - Baldi, Ranieri D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
PY - 2024/2/1
Y1 - 2024/2/1
N2 - We present new high-sensitivity e-MERLIN and Very Large Array (VLA) radio images of the prototypical Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 at 5, 10, and 21 GHz. We image the radio jet, from the compact components north-east (NE), C, S1, and S2 to the faint double-lobed jet structure of the NE and south-west (SW) jet lobes. We map the jet between 15 kλ and 3300 kλ spatial scales by combining enhanced-Multi Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (e-MERLIN) and VLA data for the first time. Components NE, C, and S2 have steep spectra indicative of optically thin non-Thermal emission domination between 5 and 21 GHz. Component S1, which is where the active galactic nucleus resides, has a flat radio spectrum. We report a new component, S2a, a part of the southern jet. We compare these new data with the MERLIN and VLA data observed in 1983, 1992, and 1995 and report a flux decrease by a factor of 2 in component C, suggesting variability of this jet component. With the high angular resolution e-MERLIN maps, we detect the bow shocks in the NE jet lobe that coincide with the molecular gas outflows observed with ALMA. The NE jet lobe has a jet power of 6.7 × 1042 erg s-1 and is considered to be responsible for driving out the dense molecular gas observed with ALMA around the same region.
AB - We present new high-sensitivity e-MERLIN and Very Large Array (VLA) radio images of the prototypical Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 at 5, 10, and 21 GHz. We image the radio jet, from the compact components north-east (NE), C, S1, and S2 to the faint double-lobed jet structure of the NE and south-west (SW) jet lobes. We map the jet between 15 kλ and 3300 kλ spatial scales by combining enhanced-Multi Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (e-MERLIN) and VLA data for the first time. Components NE, C, and S2 have steep spectra indicative of optically thin non-Thermal emission domination between 5 and 21 GHz. Component S1, which is where the active galactic nucleus resides, has a flat radio spectrum. We report a new component, S2a, a part of the southern jet. We compare these new data with the MERLIN and VLA data observed in 1983, 1992, and 1995 and report a flux decrease by a factor of 2 in component C, suggesting variability of this jet component. With the high angular resolution e-MERLIN maps, we detect the bow shocks in the NE jet lobe that coincide with the molecular gas outflows observed with ALMA. The NE jet lobe has a jet power of 6.7 × 1042 erg s-1 and is considered to be responsible for driving out the dense molecular gas observed with ALMA around the same region.
KW - galaxies: Active
KW - galaxies: individual: NGC 1068: jets
KW - radiation mechanisms:general
KW - radio continuum: general
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182266139&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad3864
DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad3864
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85182266139
SN - 0035-8711
VL - 527
SP - 11756
EP - 11765
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
IS - 4
ER -