Resilience Enhancement of Multiple Energy Hubs via Coordinated EV Routing and Scheduling

High-impact and low-probability extreme events have occurred more frequently than before because of rapid climate change, which can seriously damage the distribution networks and then limit the energy supply to connected energy hubs (EHs). Existing literature tends to utilize static distributed energy resources (DERs) for the load restoration of local EHs, which can be ineffective. Electric vehicles (EVs), owing to their mobility and flexibility characteristics, can be called up in a short time and deployed in appropriate locations towards resilience enhancement. As such, this paper aims to provide a detailed EV routing and scheduling model in the context of multiple EHs across both electrical and heat sectors towards local EH load restoration. Case studies based on three EVs and two islanded EHs are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model in enabling effective coordination among EVs and providing a high overall resilience level.