SWAT 86 evaluation: Randomised evaluation of pre-notification of trial participants before self-report outcome data collection to improve retention

Christopher Sutton, Sarah Cotterill, Denise Forshaw, Sarah Rhodes, Alexandra Haig, Alison Hammond

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background
Retention is considered the second highest trial methods priority in the UK after recruitment. There is limited evidence on whether notifying trial participants that a follow-up questionnaire will be sent soon (‘pre-notification’) affects retention.
Methods
This Study Within a Trial (SWAT) evaluated whether sending a pre-notification letter or email around 2 weeks before sending a self-report questionnaire increased retention, in terms of provision of the host trial primary outcome. The SWAT was a randomised, two-arm, parallel-design (1:1 allocation ratio) trial, controlled by ‘no pre-notification letter’. It was embedded within the WORKWELL host trial, which evaluated the impact of job retention vocational rehabilitation on work-related and health-related outcomes of employed people with inflammatory arthritis. The SWAT primary outcome was a valid response for the WORKWELL primary outcome.
Results
244 trial participants took part in the SWAT. All were included in the analysis. Among those sent a pre-reminder, 100/121 (83%) provided a valid response for the WORKWELL primary outcome, compared to 97/123 (79%) of those not sent a pre-reminder. The estimated adjusted odds ratio was 1.28 (95% confidence interval 0.67 to 2.42), with a risk difference of 3.8% (95%CI -6.1% to 13.6%), favouring the pre-reminder. The estimated intervention cost per additional participant retained was £53.42, and the total cost per additional participant retained was £46.52.
Conclusion
Researchers may have a small improvement in trial retention by using pre-notification. The cost per additional participant retained is relatively low. However, further evaluations are merited.
Original languageEnglish
JournalResearch Methods in Medicine and Health Sciences
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 18 Apr 2022

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