The effects of acculturation on obesity rates in ethnic minorities in England: Evidence from the Health Survey for England

Objectives: To investigate the extent of generational differences in adult health-related lifestyles and socio-economic circumstance and explore whether these differences might explain changing patterns of obesity in ethnic minorities in England. Methods: Seven ethnic minority groups were selected from the ethnically boosted 1999 and 2004 Health Survey for England (Indian n=1580; Pakistani n=1858; Bangladeshi n=1549; Black Caribbean n=1472; Black African n=587; Chinese n=1559; and Irish n=889). Age and sex adjusted odds of being obese in the second generation when compared with the first were estimated before and after adjusting for generational differences in health-related behaviours (snackin eating cakes and fried food low levels of physical exercis any drinkin current smoke etc.) and socio-economic factors (social clas equivalized income and highest qualification). Results: Indian [OR: 1.76 (1.14-2.71)] and Chinese [OR: 3.65 (1.37-9.78)] groups were more likely to be obese in the second generation than the first after adjusting for age and se with no significant differences observed in all other groups. Howeve the risk of obesity in all groups converged between generations to the risk observed in the White reference grou with exception to the Black Caribbean group. Adjusting independently for the mixed patterns of acculturative changes and the uniform upward social mobility in all groups increased the risk of obesity in the second generation. Conclusions: Obesity converged to the risk in the majority population following acculturation. Future research needs to consider generation and trans-cultural identities as a fundamental variable in determining the causes of ethnic health inequalities. © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.