Abstract
Background
We compared the anti-inflammatory effects of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast with CHF6001, a novel PDE4 inhibitor designed for inhaled administration, using human alveolar macrophages (AM) and lung tissue explants models.
Methods
AM from 13 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 10 smoking controls and lung tissue from 7 COPD patients were stimulated with LPS following preincubation with roflumilast (0.000001-10 µM), CHF6001 (0.000001-0.1 µM), or vehicle. After 24h, supernatants were analysed for cytokines by ELISA. The effects of both compounds on the phosphorylation and cellular localisation of CREB were assessed by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Extracted RNA was used for quantitative PCR analysis of PDE4 A, B and D mRNA.
Results
PDE4 A, B and D expression were increased in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue of COPD patients compared to controls. Roflumilast and CHF6001 significantly reduced TNF-α production in AM lung tissue. CHF6001 was more potent than roflumilast with lower EC50s of 0.02, 0.01 and 0.31nM compared to 0.87, 0.47 and 10.8nM in respective samples. PDE4 inhibition also inhibited secretion of the chemokines CCL2 and CCL4 from macrophages. Both compounds increased nuclear levels of phosphorylated CREB.
Conclusion
PDE4 inhibitors caused a robust anti-inflammatory effect on TNF-α production from COPD AM, with inhibition of selective chemokines also observed. CHF6001 caused more potent inhibition of TNF-α production from COPD AM and lung tissue compared to roflumilast.
We compared the anti-inflammatory effects of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast with CHF6001, a novel PDE4 inhibitor designed for inhaled administration, using human alveolar macrophages (AM) and lung tissue explants models.
Methods
AM from 13 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 10 smoking controls and lung tissue from 7 COPD patients were stimulated with LPS following preincubation with roflumilast (0.000001-10 µM), CHF6001 (0.000001-0.1 µM), or vehicle. After 24h, supernatants were analysed for cytokines by ELISA. The effects of both compounds on the phosphorylation and cellular localisation of CREB were assessed by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Extracted RNA was used for quantitative PCR analysis of PDE4 A, B and D mRNA.
Results
PDE4 A, B and D expression were increased in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue of COPD patients compared to controls. Roflumilast and CHF6001 significantly reduced TNF-α production in AM lung tissue. CHF6001 was more potent than roflumilast with lower EC50s of 0.02, 0.01 and 0.31nM compared to 0.87, 0.47 and 10.8nM in respective samples. PDE4 inhibition also inhibited secretion of the chemokines CCL2 and CCL4 from macrophages. Both compounds increased nuclear levels of phosphorylated CREB.
Conclusion
PDE4 inhibitors caused a robust anti-inflammatory effect on TNF-α production from COPD AM, with inhibition of selective chemokines also observed. CHF6001 caused more potent inhibition of TNF-α production from COPD AM and lung tissue compared to roflumilast.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Cytokine |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Jul 2019 |
