Thermal Analysis of Solid By-products Generated by C3F7CN Mixture

Constantinos Onoufriou; Isaac Lenton; Simon Butler; Paul Coffey; George Wilson; M. Waldron; Tony Chen

doi:10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305

Thermal Analysis of Solid By-products Generated by C₃F₇CN Mixture

Constantinos Onoufriou, Isaac Lenton, Simon Butler, Paul Coffey, George Wilson, M. Waldron, Tony Chen^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

There are a growing number of gas-insulated substations filled with fluoronitrile (C₃F₇CN) gas mixtures being installed in the UK. It has previously been reported that crystal-like solid by-products could be produced in C₃F₇CN gas mixtures under specific conditions. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), this paper explores the thermal characteristics of solid by-products produced in both laboratory tests and industry-scale gas handling operations. Multiple samples were surveyed in this study, including commercially purchased samples, samples sourced from industrial partners, and laboratory-grown samples. Results show a wide range of decomposition and sublimation temperatures, suggesting that some types of by-products are more likely to sublime at ambient temperatures or during an extreme temperature event (e.g., short circuit or breakdown).

Original language	English
Title of host publication	IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena
Publisher	IEEE
Number of pages	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 11 Nov 2025

Keywords

Solid By-products
C3F7CN
TGA
DSC
Decomposition

Access to Document

10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305

CEIDP-Thermal Analysis of Solid By-products Generated by C3F7CN MixtureAccepted author manuscript, 449 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

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title = "Thermal Analysis of Solid By-products Generated by C3F7CN Mixture",

abstract = "There are a growing number of gas-insulated substations filled with fluoronitrile (C₃F₇CN) gas mixtures being installed in the UK. It has previously been reported that crystal-like solid by-products could be produced in C₃F₇CN gas mixtures under specific conditions. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), this paper explores the thermal characteristics of solid by-products produced in both laboratory tests and industry-scale gas handling operations. Multiple samples were surveyed in this study, including commercially purchased samples, samples sourced from industrial partners, and laboratory-grown samples. Results show a wide range of decomposition and sublimation temperatures, suggesting that some types of by-products are more likely to sublime at ambient temperatures or during an extreme temperature event (e.g., short circuit or breakdown).",

keywords = "Solid By-products, C3F7CN, TGA, DSC, Decomposition",

author = "Constantinos Onoufriou and Isaac Lenton and Simon Butler and Paul Coffey and George Wilson and M. Waldron and Tony Chen",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305",

language = "English",

booktitle = "IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena",

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TY - GEN

T1 - Thermal Analysis of Solid By-products Generated by C3F7CN Mixture

AU - Onoufriou, Constantinos

AU - Lenton, Isaac

AU - Butler, Simon

AU - Coffey, Paul

AU - Wilson, George

AU - Waldron, M.

AU - Chen, Tony

PY - 2025/11/11

Y1 - 2025/11/11

N2 - There are a growing number of gas-insulated substations filled with fluoronitrile (C₃F₇CN) gas mixtures being installed in the UK. It has previously been reported that crystal-like solid by-products could be produced in C₃F₇CN gas mixtures under specific conditions. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), this paper explores the thermal characteristics of solid by-products produced in both laboratory tests and industry-scale gas handling operations. Multiple samples were surveyed in this study, including commercially purchased samples, samples sourced from industrial partners, and laboratory-grown samples. Results show a wide range of decomposition and sublimation temperatures, suggesting that some types of by-products are more likely to sublime at ambient temperatures or during an extreme temperature event (e.g., short circuit or breakdown).

AB - There are a growing number of gas-insulated substations filled with fluoronitrile (C₃F₇CN) gas mixtures being installed in the UK. It has previously been reported that crystal-like solid by-products could be produced in C₃F₇CN gas mixtures under specific conditions. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), this paper explores the thermal characteristics of solid by-products produced in both laboratory tests and industry-scale gas handling operations. Multiple samples were surveyed in this study, including commercially purchased samples, samples sourced from industrial partners, and laboratory-grown samples. Results show a wide range of decomposition and sublimation temperatures, suggesting that some types of by-products are more likely to sublime at ambient temperatures or during an extreme temperature event (e.g., short circuit or breakdown).

KW - Solid By-products

KW - C3F7CN

KW - TGA

KW - DSC

KW - Decomposition

U2 - 10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305

DO - 10.1109/CEIDP61707.2025.11218305

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BT - IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena

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