Thermodynamic analysis of ZnO nanoparticle formation by wire explosion process and characterization

Prem Ranjan; L. Santhosh  Kumar; Hisayuki  Suematsu; S R Chakravarthy; R Jayaganthan; R Sarathi

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.02.069

Thermodynamic analysis of ZnO nanoparticle formation by wire explosion process and characterization

Prem Ranjan, L. Santhosh Kumar, Hisayuki Suematsu, S R Chakravarthy, R Jayaganthan, R Sarathi

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by wire explosion process through deposition of different levels of energy to the exploding conductor in oxygen ambience at different pressures. The produced nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies. Energy dependent formation reaction mechanisms were formulated based on Born-Haber cycle. The size dependent gas phase reaction energetics was analyzed by using Hess's diagram. Butler's multicomponent molten oxide model was adopted to predict the surface tension of ZnO. Thermodynamic modelling studies revealed that the amount of energy deposited has an impact on saturation ratio, activation free energy, and nucleation rate of nanoparticles. It is observed based on experimental and modelling studies that the amount of energy deposited to the current carrying conductor, ambient pressure of oxygen and the saturation ratio influence the size of nanoparticle formed.

Original language	English
Journal	Ceramics International
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.02.069
Publication status	Published - 15 Jun 2017
Externally published	Yes

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title = "Thermodynamic analysis of ZnO nanoparticle formation by wire explosion process and characterization",

abstract = "Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by wire explosion process through deposition of different levels of energy to the exploding conductor in oxygen ambience at different pressures. The produced nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies. Energy dependent formation reaction mechanisms were formulated based on Born-Haber cycle. The size dependent gas phase reaction energetics was analyzed by using Hess's diagram. Butler's multicomponent molten oxide model was adopted to predict the surface tension of ZnO. Thermodynamic modelling studies revealed that the amount of energy deposited has an impact on saturation ratio, activation free energy, and nucleation rate of nanoparticles. It is observed based on experimental and modelling studies that the amount of energy deposited to the current carrying conductor, ambient pressure of oxygen and the saturation ratio influence the size of nanoparticle formed.",

author = "Prem Ranjan and Kumar, {L. Santhosh} and Hisayuki Suematsu and Chakravarthy, {S R} and R Jayaganthan and R Sarathi",

year = "2017",

month = jun,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.02.069",

language = "English",

journal = "Ceramics International",

issn = "0272-8842",

publisher = "Elsevier BV",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Thermodynamic analysis of ZnO nanoparticle formation by wire explosion process and characterization

AU - Ranjan, Prem

AU - Kumar, L. Santhosh

AU - Suematsu, Hisayuki

AU - Chakravarthy, S R

AU - Jayaganthan, R

AU - Sarathi, R

PY - 2017/6/15

Y1 - 2017/6/15

N2 - Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by wire explosion process through deposition of different levels of energy to the exploding conductor in oxygen ambience at different pressures. The produced nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies. Energy dependent formation reaction mechanisms were formulated based on Born-Haber cycle. The size dependent gas phase reaction energetics was analyzed by using Hess's diagram. Butler's multicomponent molten oxide model was adopted to predict the surface tension of ZnO. Thermodynamic modelling studies revealed that the amount of energy deposited has an impact on saturation ratio, activation free energy, and nucleation rate of nanoparticles. It is observed based on experimental and modelling studies that the amount of energy deposited to the current carrying conductor, ambient pressure of oxygen and the saturation ratio influence the size of nanoparticle formed.

AB - Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by wire explosion process through deposition of different levels of energy to the exploding conductor in oxygen ambience at different pressures. The produced nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) studies. Energy dependent formation reaction mechanisms were formulated based on Born-Haber cycle. The size dependent gas phase reaction energetics was analyzed by using Hess's diagram. Butler's multicomponent molten oxide model was adopted to predict the surface tension of ZnO. Thermodynamic modelling studies revealed that the amount of energy deposited has an impact on saturation ratio, activation free energy, and nucleation rate of nanoparticles. It is observed based on experimental and modelling studies that the amount of energy deposited to the current carrying conductor, ambient pressure of oxygen and the saturation ratio influence the size of nanoparticle formed.

U2 - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.02.069

DO - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.02.069

M3 - Article

SN - 0272-8842

JO - Ceramics International

JF - Ceramics International

ER -

Thermodynamic analysis of ZnO nanoparticle formation by wire explosion process and characterization

Abstract

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