TY - JOUR
T1 - Unpredictable Electrochemical Processes in Ti Dental Implants: The Role of Ti ions and Inflammatory Products
AU - Alhamad, Mostafa
AU - Barao, Valentim Adelino Ricardo
AU - Sukotjo, Cortino
AU - Yerokhin, Aleksey
AU - Mathew, Mathew Thoppil
PY - 2023/8/21
Y1 - 2023/8/21
N2 - Peri-implantitis is a substantially prevailing condition. A potential risk factor for peri-implantitis is Ti implant corrosion. During an inflammation, substantial quantities of oxygen reactive species (ROS) secretion and local acidification occur. Little is known about the interaction between inflammatory products and corrosion products on Ti surface corrosion. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the synergistic effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lactic acid, and Ti ions on Ti corrosion. Twenty-seven commercially pure Ti samples were polished (Ra≈45nm) and divided into 9 groups as a function of electrolyte; 1) artificial saliva-(AS) as control-(C), 2) AS+Ti ions 20ppm-(Ti), 3) AS+lactic acid (pH= 5.5)-(L), 4) AS+lactic acid+Ti ions 20ppm-(TiL), 5) AS+H2O2 0.5mM-(HP0.5), 6) AS+H2O2 1.0mM-(HP1.0), 7) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+Ti ions 20ppm-(HP0.5Ti), 8) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+lactic acid-(HP0.5L), and 9) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+Ti ions 20ppm+lactic acid-(HP0.5TiL). Electrochemical tests were performed following ASMT guidelines. Based on Tafel’s method, current density (icorr) and corresponding potential (Ecorr) were acquired from potentiodynamic curves. Using electrochemical impendence spectroscopy-(EIS), Nyquist and Bode plots were derived. Using a modified Randles circuit, charge transfer resistance-(Rct) and capacitance-(Cdl) were estimated. Based on open circuit potential-(OCP) data, groups C and Ti had the lowest potentials (around -0.3and -0.4 V vs. SCE, respectively), indicating a low passivation tendency compared to the other groups. From potentiodynamic curves, groups HP0.5 and HP1.0 increased icorr the most. From EIS data, groups HP0.5 and HP1.0 demonstrated the lowest impedance and phase angle on Bode plot, indicating the highest corrosion kinetics. Based on EIS modeling, the combination of Ti ions, lactic acid, and H2O2 (group HP0.5TiL) significantly decreased Rct (p<0.05). In conclusion, the concurrent presence of Ti ions, lactic acid, and H2O2 in the vicinity of the Ti surface increased the corrosion kinetics. High corrosion may produce more Ti products in peri-implant tissues, which may increase the potential risk of peri-implantitis.
AB - Peri-implantitis is a substantially prevailing condition. A potential risk factor for peri-implantitis is Ti implant corrosion. During an inflammation, substantial quantities of oxygen reactive species (ROS) secretion and local acidification occur. Little is known about the interaction between inflammatory products and corrosion products on Ti surface corrosion. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the synergistic effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lactic acid, and Ti ions on Ti corrosion. Twenty-seven commercially pure Ti samples were polished (Ra≈45nm) and divided into 9 groups as a function of electrolyte; 1) artificial saliva-(AS) as control-(C), 2) AS+Ti ions 20ppm-(Ti), 3) AS+lactic acid (pH= 5.5)-(L), 4) AS+lactic acid+Ti ions 20ppm-(TiL), 5) AS+H2O2 0.5mM-(HP0.5), 6) AS+H2O2 1.0mM-(HP1.0), 7) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+Ti ions 20ppm-(HP0.5Ti), 8) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+lactic acid-(HP0.5L), and 9) AS+H2O2 0.5mM+Ti ions 20ppm+lactic acid-(HP0.5TiL). Electrochemical tests were performed following ASMT guidelines. Based on Tafel’s method, current density (icorr) and corresponding potential (Ecorr) were acquired from potentiodynamic curves. Using electrochemical impendence spectroscopy-(EIS), Nyquist and Bode plots were derived. Using a modified Randles circuit, charge transfer resistance-(Rct) and capacitance-(Cdl) were estimated. Based on open circuit potential-(OCP) data, groups C and Ti had the lowest potentials (around -0.3and -0.4 V vs. SCE, respectively), indicating a low passivation tendency compared to the other groups. From potentiodynamic curves, groups HP0.5 and HP1.0 increased icorr the most. From EIS data, groups HP0.5 and HP1.0 demonstrated the lowest impedance and phase angle on Bode plot, indicating the highest corrosion kinetics. Based on EIS modeling, the combination of Ti ions, lactic acid, and H2O2 (group HP0.5TiL) significantly decreased Rct (p<0.05). In conclusion, the concurrent presence of Ti ions, lactic acid, and H2O2 in the vicinity of the Ti surface increased the corrosion kinetics. High corrosion may produce more Ti products in peri-implant tissues, which may increase the potential risk of peri-implantitis.
KW - Titanium
KW - corrosion
KW - peri-implantitis
KW - hydrogen peroxide
KW - lactic acid
U2 - 10.1021/acsabm.3c00235
DO - 10.1021/acsabm.3c00235
M3 - Article
SN - 2576-6422
JO - ACS Applied Bio Materials
JF - ACS Applied Bio Materials
ER -